Chandler DNA Project

Hosted by the Chandler Family Association at
https://chandlerfamilyassociation.org/chandna.html
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Note: paragraphs highlighted in yellow are new or recently updated. Paragraphs highlighted in gray were new or updated in the previous release.

Goals

This is an all-volunteer project that seeks to identify any and all lines of Chandlers worldwide and the relationships among them, using DNA testing and any other tools at our disposal. Since the Chandler surname for the most part is occupational in origin, we presume there are many independent lines, but we are nonetheless hoping to find genetic links where none were previously known. The most obvious type of connection that we hope to find is the link between a family in England and its colonial offshoots, either in America or in other former British colonies. Nonetheless, we have already found some unexpected connections, and there may be more.

We now have DNA project participants -- and matches confirming kinship -- across four continents. In the US, our participants live in 45 different states and one territory (AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, UT, VA, VI, WA, WI, WV). We also have participants in Australia (all six states), Canada, England, France, Germany, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, Scotland, South Africa, and Wales. We have at least one "Earliest Known Ancestor" in each of the following English counties: Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Kent, Leicestershire, Middlesex, Norfolk, Northumberland, Oxfordshire, Somerset, Suffolk, Surrey, Sussex, Warwickshire, Wiltshire, Worcestershire, and Yorkshire. In many cases, there are likely to be several genetically distinct Chandler lines within the same English county, and so we continue to need a considerable number of additional participants who can trace their ancestry back at least a few generations in England. We also seek participants whose ancestry lies in France, since at least one of the Chandler lines is believed to have come from Normandy in the 13th Century. While these are our priorities, we continue to welcome participation by any Chandler family, anywhere.

The project is supported by the participation of the Chandler Family Association (CFA) and the global Chandler One-Name Study.
 


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Early Chandler Immigrants

Note: Source references for statements made herein are available from one or more of the Chandler DNA Project administrators.

John Chandler of Jamestown, Virginia

The earliest known Chandler to settle in the New World was immigrant JOHN CHANDLER who landed at Jamestown on Sunday, June 10, 1610. He had traveled among about 30 settlers aboard the "Hercules," smallest of three ships in the expedition led by Sir Thomas West of Hampshire, Lord Delaware.

Fragmentary land records in Elizabeth City County (now City of Hampton) make it virtually certain John's older son and heir was JOHN II, but this male line ended with JOHN IV in 1728.

Living descendants of ROBERT, believed on good circumstantial evidence to be a younger son of immigrant John, number in the thousands in the United States, perhaps a majority of them still residing in the South and near Southwest. We hope to identify and connect descendants of Robert to each other and to any other related lines in either hemisphere.

Immigrant John may have had a brother named NICHOLAS who remained in England or settled in the West Indies. A search for him and possible descendants is in progress, as is a search for evidence of immigrant John's English home.

See Group 7 below.

Edmund Chandler of Duxbury, Massachusetts

EDMUND CHANDLER settled in Duxbury by 1633 and died there in 1662. He had gone with the "Pilgrim" Separatists to Leiden and probably arrived in the Plymouth Colony around 1630. His origins are unknown. There are many descendants living today, and we hope to connect them in this project.

See Group 13 below.

Roger Chandler of Duxbury and/or Concord, Massachusetts

ROGER CHANDLER was another early settler in Duxbury with a history similar to Edmund's. Although Roger had a family, it is not known whether his male line survived. Nonetheless, there was also a ROGER CHANDLER who appeared in Concord, Massachusetts, by about 1670, and many of his descendants believe this second Roger was the son of the first. Since the first Roger is thought to be related to Edmund, it was therefore expected by many that DNA testing would show a match between the descendants of Edmund and those of the second Roger. However, that is apparently not the case. Two descendants of Roger of Concord have now been tested and found to match each other, but not Group 13.

See Group 61 below.

William Chandler of Roxbury, Massachusetts

WILLIAM and ANNIS CHANDLER settled in Roxbury in 1637. William died in 1641, but left a numerous progeny who soon dispersed to other parts of Massachusetts and Connecticut. This family came from the town of Bishops Stortford in Hertfordshire, where Chandlers have been traced back to 1521. We have connected descendants of all three of William's surviving sons and hope to connect other Chandlers of Hertfordshire.

See Group 9 below.

John Chandler of Boston, Massachusetts

JOHN CHANDLER was admitted freeman of Massachusetts in 1640 at the same time as William above. John may have lived for a time in Roxbury, as well as Concord, before settling in Boston in 1647. He had at least one son, John, who was apprenticed in Roxbury in 1640, but whose subsequent history is not known. It is not known whether he was related to William.

William Chandler of Newbury, Massachusetts

WILLIAM CHANDLER settled in Newbury by about 1650 and lived there five decades. He was born c1617 (as calculated from his age at death), but his place of origin is not known. By three different wives, all named Mary, he had many children, including three sons. However, his line seems to be less prolific than other New England Chandlers. Even so, we have recruited some of his male-line descendants into this project and fitted him into the larger picture.

See Group 7 below.

John Chandler of Accomack County, Virginia

This JOHN CHANDLER surfaces in 1683. He and his wife MARGARET were paid for being witnesses in a court case on August 6, 1690. One or both appear in numerous Accomack records until John's death between January 23 (will date) and March 4, 1728/9 (probate date). The will did not mention his wife, but named children HATHAN FETTAPLACE, SOLOMON, BRIDGETT, and ABIGAIL and son-in-law William Phillips. John was probably born about 1648.

An apparent son, JOHN, predeceased his father in 1728, leaving a short will dated June 1 and probated September 3, 1728, leaving his entire estate to his wife "until this crop is finished," then 1/3 to wife and remainder to be "divided among my children," none named. Joanna Chandler presented the will and was named executrix, so she was almost certainly the widow.

See Group 22 below.

Chandlers of Pennsylvania and Delaware

GEORGE CHANDLER emigrated from Wiltshire in 1686, but died on the voyage. His widow JANE and seven or eight children settled in the part of Pennsylvania that later became Delaware. He was one of the Chandlers of Wilcot parish in Wiltshire, who have been traced back to 1524. We have found through DNA testing that John Chandler of Jamestown is related to this family, as well as to other Chandlers of Hampshire, and we hope to find the common origin of these Chandlers.

See Group 7 below.

John Chandler of Charles County, Maryland

This JOHN CHANDLER first appears c1710 at/near Port Tobacco, where he acquired several tracts of land in the next 20 years. JOB CHANDLER (1623-1660) had patented about 1200 acres in and around Port Tobacco 1651-1660, but he could not be the ancestor of this John. Richard, one of Job's two sons, died without issue. Job's other son William had only two sons (Richard and William), both of whom died unmarried and without issue. John was probably born by 1685 and died between January 17 (will date) and 19 (probate date), 1735, leaving his widow ANN, daughter of William Penn (not the Pennsylvania Quaker) and children JOHN, WILLIAM, STEPHEN, ANN, MARY, and SARAH.

Rev. Isaac Chanler of Ashley River, South Carolina

REV. ISAAC CHANLER is said by some to have been born at Bristol, England, in 1700, while others (including a family biographer) suggest a somewhat earlier birth date at an unknown place. He was a minister on Ashley River near Charleston, SC, from about 1733 until his death in 1749. He left a long and interesting will dated May 20, 1749. His son ISAAC took his medical degree at the University of Edinburgh before returning home, where he was among the founders of what became the Medical University of South Carolina. The surname of this line is consistently spelled "CHANLER" in recent times, but consistent spelling is not to be expected before the 19th century. We have already included one descendant in the project and hope to include at least one more to pin down the ancestral DNA pattern.
 


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How The Project Works

For an introduction to the field of DNA-assisted genealogy, you can look through a brief glossary of genetics terms. In case you want just the shortest possible description, here it is: the DNA test measures the lengths of certain specific sequences on the Y chromosome. By comparing these lengths for different test subjects, we can deduce approximately how closely the testees are related.

Note: the Y chromosome occurs only in males and is passed down more-or-less unchanged from father to son, and so this testing follows only male lineages. It is the simplicity of this inheritance mechanism that makes Y DNA directly useful for genealogy, unlike all the other chromosomes, which are shuffled and recombined from one generation to the next. Moreover, the Y DNA can track a lineage through name changes, adoptions, illegitimacy, and eras of poor record-keeping.

Further note: these particular DNA sequences are not found within genes and have no known genetic function. Thus, the test is not designed to reveal physical characteristics or innate tendencies. The reason it works for genealogical purposes is that the observed changes in sequence length are neither harmful nor helpful; they simply happen now and then, and they persist because the body doesn't notice the difference. These persistent-yet-changeable variations are the markers that allow us to tell families apart.
We have arranged with Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) to offer a 37-marker DNA test for $119 (plus shipping) to members of our project, but they often have sales promotions for a lower fee. Other available tests cover 12, 67, or 111 markers for costs ranging from $59 to $249. The test kit is very simple and comes in the mail with complete instructions: basically, it contains two or three little swabs to be rubbed on the inside of the mouth to collect some loose cells. The swabs are then popped into containers and mailed back to the lab.

Privacy Policy

The kit comes with an optional release form that requests FTDNA to give your email address to any present or future FTDNA testee who matches you closely on the DNA test. If you decide not to sign the release form, or forget to send it in, your privacy will be protected, and FTDNA will not notify you or anyone else about matches with your DNA. There is also a space on the form for the country of origin of your earliest known male-line ancestor -- this item is optional and has no immediate bearing on our project because we are comparing individuals, rather than countries.

Note: this project is independent of FTDNA, and membership in it is neither contingent upon nor automatic with testing at FTDNA. Regardless of whether you sign the FTDNA release or not, we preserve your confidentiality on this web site. Neither names nor addresses of the participants are posted here -- only the arbitrary kit numbers are posted with the raw DNA data. For those who wish to make genealogical contacts through this project, we also provide a table of earliest known male-line ancestors. Readers with questions about these ancestors, or who wish to send messages to participants, may submit the questions or comments to the project administrators. If, at any time, you wish to leave the project, you may do so by writing to the administrators.

Note: We freely accept participants who test with labs other than FTDNA, but comparison and analysis is easiest for those tested at the same lab under the same conditions and on the same markers. We therefore urge prospective participants to consider FTDNA first if they have not already had their Y DNA tested.

The Paternal Line

Most folks understand that Y-DNA testing is for males only. Men have the Y chromosome and women do not. Our Y-DNA Chandler project is for Chandler surnamed males. Exceptions occur in case of name changes, adoptions, and events outside of marriage.

The Y-DNA test follows the paternal line. This is where confusion can set in. What is the paternal line?

First, look at the chart from International Society of Genetic Genealogists (ISOGG). It is a classic pedigree chart with the paternal line shown in blue.

Paths of DNA inheritance - ISOGG Wiki

Now imagine that chart filled in as far as you can with your ancestors. The very top line in blue is your paternal line which is your father, his father, his father and so on. It is also a line. It doesn't zigzag between males and females.

Sometimes folks figure that if they are male, but their surname is "Smith", for example, and their mother or grandmother was a Chandler that would qualify them for the Chandler DNA project. It would not because their paternal line is "Smith" and not Chandler. The line that would be followed would be "Smith."

All is not lost if you are not a Chandler surnamed male and wish to utilize the Y-DNA test. Find a Chandler-surnamed brother, father, grandfather, uncle, male cousin or nephew to take the test, and the results will also apply to you.
 


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Searching for Matches

Some of the test results in our tables came from outside the project. The first of these is 11143, a Chandler who tested privately with FTDNA about a year before the project began. Although he did not join the project in the beginning, he had uploaded his results to an on-line database, and we included them here from that source, but we had only some sketchy information about his ancestry indicating he belonged in Group 9. Since then, he has joined the project and confirmed his lineage.

Another on-line database was at one time provided by the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation (SMGF). Each sample in the database was accompanied by a pedigree of at least four generations, though names and dates of post-1900 persons were blanked out in these pedigrees. Unfortunately, the SMGF ran out of funding and sold off its assets to Ancestry.com, which elected to shut down the on-line presence of the database. Though it is no longer possible to search the database, we carefully sifted out all of the male Chandlers who were posted in it, and they are included here in our project with arbitrary identifiers based on the order of discovery.

As of 2006, there were three Chandlers in the SMGF database, two of them also direct participants in the Chandler project (21174 and 30251) and one not (sm11). For the former, all markers that were tested by both FTDNA and SMGF have the same results from both organizations after applying the relevant translations. In 2008, five more Chandlers and one Chandley appeared in the database. Three of these new Chandlers form a family group of a father and two sons, not yet matching any other participants in our project. The other two respectively matched two existing groups. Two more new Chandlers appeared in 2010, but no more appeared after that.
 


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Information

For more information, write to our administrators:
GlennChandler at ChandlerFamilyAssociation.org
john.chandler at alum.mit.edu
Docabye at aol.com
jimlight at sbcglobal.net
GlenSmith at ChandlerFamilyAssociation.org
 


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Chandler DNA Fund

FTDNA has established a fund to be used within our project to help defray the costs of DNA testing. The intent of this fund is to secure the participation of potential testees who seem likely to contribute to the success of the project as a whole and who otherwise could not (or would not) join. However, the amount of money in the fund is quite small. If you would like to make a donation, please visit this site:

http://www.familytreedna.com/group-general-fund-contribution.aspx

Note that donations can be made either on line (by credit card or PayPal) or by mail. It is important to specify the Chandler project on the form, so that the donation is properly credited. In the on-line form, this entails choosing the initial letter "C" and then clicking on Chandler in the menu. You may also specify how the donation is to be used and/or that it is a memorial, by selecting a "donation type" and/or entering a note about the donation. For example, you might select the "Memory of" type and enter a note saying "in memory of Sally Chandler - For testing Chandlers in Australia." If your restriction is more complicated, it would be helpful to send an email to the project administrators, spelling out the details. If you wish to contribute by mail, you fill out the form on-line and print it for sending in.

Thank you for your help.
 


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Project News


 
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Results

The following are the DNA test results we have obtained so far. Most of these are from FTDNA, but we welcome results from any lab. We show the loci here in the same order as FTDNA reports. Comparison of these results is complicated by the fact that we have a mix of 12-, 25-, 37-, 43-, 67-, and 111-locus tests, but we have identified many groups with reasonable certainty. Some testees do not match anyone else in the project (yet) and have been placed in the "Other" group. Each of these is expected to be the first of perhaps many members of a new group and is assigned a tentative "family number" in anticipation of such a group. Indeed, matching the DNA is generally not enough to establish a relationship within the span of time accessible to conventional genealogy, and so some clusters of apparently matching testees are placed in the "Other" group with a shared tentative family number pending further testing or conventional research to confirm or deny that the testees are related. Once a group is established, however, a close DNA match with a group is presumed to indicate membership in it, until and unless other factors rule it out. Each group is shown in Table 1 with the name of the most recent common ancestor (if known or presumed). Clicking on the group number will navigate to a collection of notes about the group or about specific members in it. The presumed group members who match the DNA but have different or not-yet-connected lineages are marked with an asterisk in the Family column. For these, and for those in the "Other" group, the earliest conventionally confirmed male-line ancestor is shown in Table 5. Clicking on the asterisk will navigate directly to the Table 5 entry.

Members who have tested at FTDNA are identified here by their kit numbers. Some FTDNA kit numbers have one- or two-letter prefixes, such as "N" for members who tested originally as part of the Genographic Project, "E" for customers who tested through FTDNA's European partner Igenea, "B" for members who tested originally through some other lab and then transferred to FTDNA, or "IN" for recent customers living outside the US. SMGF participants are represented by special codes ("sm" followed by two digits), and all others have arbitrary five-character codes designed not to conflict with the FTDNA kit numbers.

The results here are divided into four batches. Table 1 shows the first 25 loci tested by FTDNA. Table 2 shows more loci from FTDNA, as well as from Relative Genetics or SMGF. Table 3 and Table 4 show still more loci from FTDNA. Some loci are displayed in more than one table because they are available in different "packages" from different labs. The same color coding by group applies to all four tables.

Within each group, the results that do not agree with the group consensus, if any, are colored gray. If there is no clear consensus, then the entire column is colored gray.

A long-standing conflict in nomenclature for some of the results in Table 2 was resolved in March of 2010, when the YSEARCH database adopted the newer standard for DYS452 and DYS463, resulting in an across-the-board increase by 19 for DYS452 and by 2 for DYS463. At that time, we moved to the newer standard in our data display as well. Susequently, when FTDNA began to offer tests of these markers, the newer standard was followed there as well. Sad to say, there are still some conflicts, some glaring (as DYS452 was) and some subtle (as DYS463 was).

One obvious concern in a project like this is the accuracy of the testing. Any incorrect results could cause confusion at some level, and seriously wrong results could throw off the identification of a participant's family. Fortunately, the incidence of error is very low. We have two lines of evidence demonstrating the reliability of the reported results. One is the concordance between "solid" conventional genealogy and the lab results -- members of a family are not identified to the lab as kin, but the test results consistently show close matches between known relatives. Surprising mismatches occur, as a rule, only when plausible (but unproven) assumptions about the lineages turn out to be wrong. The other line of evidence is the direct comparison of independent test results for the same person. In the few instances we have of redundancy, the repeated tests have agreed exactly. Consequently, we show the results for any one person as a single merged report, tagged by a single kit number.


 
Table 1. Chandler Haplotypes (basic loci).
(click on an arrow at the end of a row to see the continuation in Table 2)
Note: this table reflects the 2003 change in nomenclature at FTDNA for DYS464.
DYS  
Locus:  
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 1 (? John Chandler of Jefferies Creek, SC, 1739)
21226 1 12 24 16 10 11 19 11 15 12 12 11 28 16 8 9 11 11 28 16 19 28 13 15 15 17 >
21814 1 12 24 16 10 10 19 11 15 12 12 11 28 16 8 9 11 11 28 16 19 29 13 15 15 17 >
26898 1 12 24 16 10 10 19 11 15 12 12 11 28 16 8 9 11 11 28 16 19 28 13 15 15 15 >
28912 1 12 24 16 10 10 19 11 15 12 12 11 28
30780 1 12 24 16 10 10 19 11 15 12 12 11 28 16 8 9 11 11 27 16 19 29 13 15 15 17 >
43470 1 12 24 16 10 11 19 11 15 12 12 11 28 16 8 9 11 11 28 16 19 28 13 15 15 17 >
Group 2 (Henry Chandler of Johnson Co, KY, 1815-1875)
24531 2 13 22 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
24813 2 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
39519 2 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
39520 2 * 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
86464 2 * 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
206206 2 * 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
342940 2 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
708112 2 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
MK45143 2 13 23 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 17 18 >
Group 3 (Richard Chandler, b. 1751 VA?)
24740 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28
27320 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 12 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
31120 3 * 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
31428 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
43134 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
176174 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
198749 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
221102 3 * 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
240694 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
439462 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17
451256 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
672941 3 13 24 15 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
810816 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
855027 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
893360 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
N23381 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 29 14 15 17 17 >
vxvz8 3 13 24 14 10 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 28 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 4 (Thomas Chandler of Amelia Co, VA, d. c1795)
25810 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
26628 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
29111 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
97545 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
101867 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
234582 4 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 28 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 16 16 17 17 >
Group 5 (Samuel Chandler of Lynches River, SC, d. 1786)
21174 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
22966 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18
25035 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
25693 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
25699 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
30060 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
33931 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30
110907 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
203204 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
220772 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
273521 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
596022 5 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 18 >
Group 6 (Elias Chandler, 1826-1890, Lynches River, SC)
22479 6 13 23 15 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
26835 6 13 23 15 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 7
7A (Robert Chandler, 1659-1720, ? grandson of 1610 immigrant John)
21364 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
22494 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
24346 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
24967 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
24968 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
25781 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
25797 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31
26443 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
26949 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
27183 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
27574 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
28053 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
28064 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
30466 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 24 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
30734 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
30744 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
30859 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
30943 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
31074 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
31157 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
31431 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
31480 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
32471 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
32771 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
32805 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
33205 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 33 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
33491 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
40185 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 24 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
40437 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
40471 7A * 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 16 >
41099 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
41740 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
43128 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
43136 7A 15 23 14 10 14 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
43379 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
44231 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
45236 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
46658 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
48607 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
49221 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
55830 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
57244 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
59466 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
59801 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
61525 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
67037 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
68643 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
73979 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
74001 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
74575 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
75538 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
76516 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
78046 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
78264 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
79064 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 24 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
79327 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
83967 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
85402 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
86129 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
86736 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
88250 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
95931 7A * 16 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
101412 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
103384 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
105468 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
107463 7A * 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
109219 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
118468 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
119959 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
127913 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
133230 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
133521 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
140487 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
149810 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 14 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
151090 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
151387 7A 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
159001 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
161954 7A 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
167636 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
174863 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
176126 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
177954 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
181752 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
182841 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
187436 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 16 >
189803 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
190479 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
190766 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
193437 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
199099 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
199101 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
205902 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
207320 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
209989 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
210049 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
210362 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
213798 7A 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
221173 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 14 15 >
221621 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
224301 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
224404 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
227093 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
236976 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
247139 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
247726 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
249366 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
250138 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
260116 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
262919 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
266664 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
267538 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
267541 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
267544 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
276041 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
286645 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
298520 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
305704 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
307082 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
322696 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
323729 7A * 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
328064 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
337216 7A 16 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
345220 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
361821 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
362822 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
406655 7A 15 24 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
423434 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 10 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 11 15 15 >
427363 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 10 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 11 15 15 >
445070 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
446789 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 33
457070 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 8 11 11 25 14 20 28 14 14 15 15 >
476400 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
516263 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
723111 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
738779 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
766168 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
785533 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
790468 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
806027 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
836244 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
841640 7A 15 24 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 24 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
844680 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
846921 7A * 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 16 >
857629 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 34 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 16 >
861644 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
861725 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
862071 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
863915 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
872280 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 15 15 >
876354 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
878170 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 15 15 15 >
886823 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
891383 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
895471 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
900475 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
903645 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
903988 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
910049 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
913237 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
916888 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
918926 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
918978 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
919071 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
920527 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 14 8 10 12 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
921242 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
925336 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
939600 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
948374 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
970935 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
973096 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
978817 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
998359 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
B1294 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 12 13 12 31 14 8 8 12 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
B488622 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
IN72215 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
MK57619 7A * 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
MK57620 7A 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
MK57622 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 21 28 11 14 15 15 >
N11923 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
a3mn5 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 32 15 11 11 25 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
pyrwq 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
rzr9u 7A 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 14 >
sb8m5 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 11 11 25 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
snyem 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 30 15 11 11 25 20 28 14 14 15 15 >
u9at6 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 11 11 25 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
vfn33 7A * 15 23 14 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 11 11 25 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
DYS  
Locus:  
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
7B (Thomas Chandler, 1570-1629, ? grandfather of 1687 immigrant George)
35934 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
43141 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
55597 7B 15 23 14 10 14 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
100477 7B * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
114019 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 14 15 16 16 >
129925 7B * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
219993 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 14 15 >
244537 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
276046 7B * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31
371227 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15
397509 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
676834 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
986039 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
IN114779 7B 15 24 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
N59539 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
N64108 7B 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
sm32 7B 15 23 14 10 14 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 15 15 >
7C (Richard Chandler, 1645-1726, Hants, grandson of Richard 1575-1661)
24262 7C 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
175226 7C 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
B913553 7C * 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 16 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
IN72121 7C 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
MI60932 7C 14 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 10 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 30 11 14 15 15 >
7D (James Chandler, 1717-1791, New Jersey, grandson of immigrant William of Newbury)
269307 7D 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
427470 7D 15 23 14 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 14 15 >
778035 7D 15 23 13 10 15 15 11 13 11 13 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 29 11 14 15 15 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 8 (William Chandler, b. c1749 VA, d. 1837 Orange Co, IN)
24275 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 16 >
26107 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
58353 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
102124 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
110136 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
202006 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
219757 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 16 17 >
239165 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
354314 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 14 15 16 17 >
358221 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
417397 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
429996 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17
441799 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17 >
441851 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
680112 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
752111 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
889746 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
891085 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 16 17 >
910327 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
929646 8 13 24 14 11 12 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
936287 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
950728 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
994428 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
IN11535 8 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
MK73848 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17 >
bqad3 8 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 11 11 25 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
Group 9 (William Chandler of Hertfordshire and Roxbury, MA)
11143 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
29431 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
30251 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
84057 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
112322 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 15 15 17 18 >
120272 9 13 25 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
141282 9 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
143215 9 13 25 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
149755 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
160920 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
163673 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
163674 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 14 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
174586 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
177998 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
180565 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 16 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
187747 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
210175 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
217457 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
221186 9 13 25 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
242315 9 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
243808 9 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
245177 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
252422 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
265423 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
466052 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
558169 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
600691 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 19 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
698041 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
830376 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18
832343 9 13 24 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
840177 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
896351 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
926661 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
B131238 9 13 25 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
N64980 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
dtx7a 9 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 10 (Thomas Chandler of Basingstoke, ENG, 1728-1782)
27369 10 11 23 15 10 11 17 11 12 12 14 14 31 16 9 10 11 11 25 16 21 31 15 16 16 16 >
34514 10 11 23 15 10 11 17 11 12 12 14 14 31
74132 10 11 23 15 10 11 17 11 12 12 15 14 32
318339 10 * 11 23 15 10 12 17 11 12 11 14 14 31 16 9 10 11 11 25 16 21 31 15 15 16 16 >
491864 10 11 23 15 10 11 17 11 12 12 14 14 31 16 9 10 11 11 25 16 21 31 15 16 16 16 >
Group 11 (Thompson Chandler of Monroe Co, (W)VA, 1811-1877)
24372 11 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 28 15 16 17 18 >
41505 11 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 28 15 15 16 17
43640 11 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 28 15 16 17 18
176420 11 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 28 15 16 17 18 >
222300 11 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 28 15 16 17 18 >
Group 12 (Edward Chandler/Chantler of Lewes, Sussex, c1754-c1828)
35826 12 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 17 >
43135 12 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 17 >
49503 12 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 17 >
81081 12 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 17 >
372861 12 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 17 >
Group 13 (Edmund Chandler of Duxbury, MA, c1580s-1662)
44534 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
60429 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
69609 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
81526 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
140685 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
170221 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 15 15 16 17 >
176095 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
183675 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
249037 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
250352 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
276038 13 * 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29
276042 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29
336414 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29
406261 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
483591 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
525145 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
781926 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
822071 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
B70016 13 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
DYS  
Locus:  
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 14 (Datus W. Chandler 1890-1968)
57749 14 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
62667 14 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
68779 14 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 7 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
Group 15 (James E. Chandler, b. c1814 SC, d. >1880 LA)
43131 15 15 22 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 27 11 14 14 16 >
43132 15 15 22 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 28 11 14 14 16 >
56911 15 15 22 16 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 27 11 14 14 16 >
199014 15 15 24 16 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 27 11 14 14 16 >
B195513 15 15 22 16 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 26 14 20 27 11 14 14 16 >
Group 16 (Jacob Chandler of Newberry Co, SC, 1725-1800)
114475 16 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
123269 16 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
234795 16 * 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
281272 16 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
348980 16 * 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
693392 16 * 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
B537645 16 * 13 22 14 11 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 31 12 14 15 16 >
Group 17 (William Chandler, b. 1772, Cambs, ENG)
122893 17 13 26 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 30 16 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 32 14 15 17 17 >
292698 17 13 26 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 30 16 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 32 14 15 17 17 >
4eywu 17 13 26 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 30 16 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 32 14 15 17 17 >
sm11 17 13 26 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 30 16 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 32 14 15 17 17 >
sm47 17 26 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 30 24 15 19 14 15 17 17 >
Group 18
51954 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 25 11 13 14 15 >
59605 18 * 14 23 17 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
64874 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 27 11 14 14 15 >
123488 18 * 14 23 17 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
141797 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 16 8 10 10 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
272900 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 16 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
276036 18 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29
276055 18 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
430951 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 27 11 14 14 15 >
962348 18 * 14 23 17 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 16 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
MI60933 18 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
mwbup 18 * 14 23 16 10 15 16 11 13 11 13 12 29 15 8 10 11 11 26 15 20 26 11 13 14 15 >
Group 19
107358 19 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 29 15 16 17 17 >
119111 19 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 29 15 16 17 17 >
439242 19 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 22 (Thomas R. Chandler 1838-1913, descendant of John of Accomack Co, VA)
25311 22 13 23 14 11 12 15 12 12 11 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 14 15 17 17 18 >
55674 22 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 14 15 17 18 >
196482 22 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 14 15 17 18 >
263727 22 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 14 15 17 18 >
276448 22 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 13 14 29
39917 22 * 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 15 17 >
86782 22 * 13 24 14 10 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 17 18 >
206387 22 * 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 17 18 >
470432 22 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 17 18 >
722246 22 * 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 17 18 >
N97153 22 * 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 14 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 17 18 >
Group 34 (Robert 1773-1822 VA-AL, John B. 1775-1860 NC, Matthew 1782)
54274 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
54480 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16
168210 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
177882 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
189887 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
222567 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
255980 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
293459 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
850868 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9* 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 16 >
928551 34 12 23 14 10 13 18 11 15 11 13 11 30 17 8 9* 11 11 26 14 20 29 12 13 14 15 16 17 >
* Reported as two copies, each 9, but probably the same as other members.
Group 36 (Robert Chandler c1760-1831, CT-PA)
59460 36 15 23 16 10 14 15 11 13 10 12 12 29 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
247220 36 15 23 16 10 14 16 11 13 10 12 12 29 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
457693 36 15 23 16 10 14 16 11 13 10 12 12 29 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
753733 36 15 23 16 10 14 16 11 13 10 12 12 29 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
817804 36 15 23 16 10 14 16 11 13 10 12 12 29 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
N16813 36 15 23 16 10 14 16 11 13 10 11 12 28 16 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 30 12 12 15 17 >
Group 41 (William Chandler c1616-1662, Kent, ENG)
207546 41 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 8 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 16 16 17 >
215155 41 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 8 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 16 16 17 >
334955 41 13 24 14 10 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 8 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 16 16 17
IN82460 41 13 24 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 8 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 16 16 17 >
Group 43 (North Buckinghamshire Chandlers)
110696 43 * 13 24 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 16 17 >
276053 43 * 13 24 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 12 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 16 17 >
B216772 43 13 25 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 16 17 >
IN10700 43 * 13 24 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 16 17 >
IN77714 43 13 24 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 16 17 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
Group 52 (Thomas Chandler c1765, Berks, ENG, grandson of Richard)
163469 52 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 19 9 10 11 12 25 15 19 28 15 15 15 17 >
276056 52 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 19 9 10 11 12 25 15 19 28 15 15 15 17
441817 52 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 19 9 10 11 12 25 15 19 28 14 15 15 17 >
Group 61 (James Chandler 1714-1792, grandson of Roger of Concord)
183634 61 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 16 16 16 17 >
185932 61 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 16 16 16 17 >
368063 61 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 16 16 16 17 >
473595 61 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 16 16 16 17 >
511390 61 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 16 16 16 17 >
Group 68 (Emery Chandler 1811-1880, SC & GA)
202193 68 14 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 13 14 12 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 17 >
212777 68 14 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 13 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 17 >
213352 68 14 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 13 14 12 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 17 >
Group 85 (More Cambridgeshire Chandlers)
324416 85 * 13 25 15 10 11 13 12 12 14 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 31 15 15 15 16 >
384171 85 * 13 25 15 10 11 13 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 31 15 15 15 16
Group 86 (Albert Chandler 1824-1886, Virginia)
339645 86 * 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
412516 86 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
736264 86 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
976248 86 * 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
N38022 86 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 17 17 >
Group 113 (James Chandler 1870-1832, Kentucky)
757256 113 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
904697 113 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
4
6
4
e
4
6
4
f
ID Fam.
Others not in any of the above groups
46918 20 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 31 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 19
91815 20 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 31 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 19
47909 21 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 12 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
102441 21 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 12 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
114543 23 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18 >
120828 23 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18 >
146162 23 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 19 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18 >
406653 23 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18
427894 23 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28
511384 23 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 19 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18 >
wscux 23 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
sm59 23 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 16 18 >
30621 24 * 13 23 14 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 27 16 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 14 16 >
122923 24 * 13 23 14 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 27 16 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 14 16 >
SI15206 24 * 13 23 14 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 27 16 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 14 16 >
sm33 25 * 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 9 10 12 25 15 19 15 15 15 17 >
sm34 25 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 19 9 10 11 12 25 15 19 28 15 15 15 17 >
sm48 25 * 23 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 19 >
107780 26 * 13 25 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
264787 26 13 25 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
B737445 26 * 13 25 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
zkupa 26 * 13 25 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 29 15 11 11 24 19 30 15 15 16 17 >
82217 27 * 13 24 14 10 12 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
161143 27 * 13 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
338165 27 * 13 24 14 11 12 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
401997 27 * 13 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
519097 27 13 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
864728 27 13 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 16 16 16 >
89929 38 * 13 23 15 10 12 15 11 15 12 14 11 30 18 8 9 11 11 26 14 18 29 11 14 15 15 >
273636 38? 13 23 15 10 12 15 11 15 12 14 11 30 18 8 9 11 11 26 14 18 29 11 14 14 15 >
90032 39 * 15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15 >
614893 39 15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 9 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15 >
126162 46 * 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 30 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 14 15 17 17 >
614904 46? 13 24 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
131482 48 * 13 22 14 10 13 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 27 12 14 15 15 >
536314 48 * 13 22 14 10 13 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 25 12 14 15 15 >
188808 62 * 12 21 12 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 21 16 20 29 12 13 14 16 >
201322 62 * 12 21 14 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 21 16 20 29 12 13 14 16 >
276037 62? 12 21 14 10 13 15 11 14 11 12 11 27
188862 63 * 12 22 14 10 12 14 11 15 12 13 11 30 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 21 32 12 16 16 16
320606 63? 12 22 14 10 12 14 11 15 12 13 11 30 16 9 9 11 11 26 15 21 32 12 13 16 16 16 16 >
193116 67 * 13 24 15 11 9 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 20 30 15 15 16 17 >
306606 67 * 13 24 15 11 9 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 20 30 15 15 16 17 >
15899 67? 13 24 15 10 9 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 20 30 15 15 16 17 >
267533 75 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 19 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
271445 75 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 18 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
305145 78 13 22 15 10 12 15 11 12 12 12 10 29 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 20 28 12 12 14 14 14 14 >
923453 78 13 22 15 10 12 15 11 12 12 12 10 29 17 9 9,9 11 11 23 16 20 28 12 12 14 14 14 14 >
276047 79 * 12 22 15 10 12 15 11 12 11 12 11 28 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 20 27 12 14 14 14 >
389376 79 * 12 22 15 10 12 15 11 12 11 12 11 28 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 20 27 12 14 14 14 >
334954 99 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 14 15 16 17 >
IN72660 99 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 14 15 16 17 >
IN103194 99 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 14 15 16 17 >
734316 112 * 13 25 16 11 13 15 11 13 11 12 11 28 18 8 9 10 12 25 15 19 29 14 14 15 16 >
921562 112 * 13 25 16 11 13 15 11 13 11 12 11 28 18 8 9 10 12 25 15 19 29 14 14 15 16 >
k4u7z 112 * 13 25 16 11 13 15 11 13 11 12 11 28 18 10 12 25 19 29 14 14 15 16 >
809554 115 13 24 13 11 16 18 11 12 12 12 11 29 15 9 9 11 11 25 14 19 32 14 15 16 17 >
865549 115 13 24 13 11 16 18 11 12 12 12 11 29 15 9 9 11 11 25 14 19 32 14 15 16 17 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
ID Fam.
24314 28 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 14 16 13 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 26 15 18 29 15 15 16 17 >
30806 29 13 24 14 10 16 17 11 12 13 13 11 31
32709 30 * 13 22 15 10 13 16 11 12 13 12 11 29 17 9 9 11 12 27 16 19 29 13 13 15 15 >
38067 31 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 17
h4c5v 32 14 23 15 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 14 29 17 9 10 11 12 25 15 17 30 15 15 16 17 >
48857 33 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 24 16 19 27 14 15 17 18
55253 35 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 31 15 16 17 18 >
61352 37 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
102376 40 * 13 24 17 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 16 16 17 >
104635 42 * 13 23 14 10 14 15 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 15 16 >
112540 44 * 12 23 15 10 13 16 11 15 12 13 11 30 14 8 9 11 11 26 14 20 32 11 13 15 16 16 >
120825 45 * 13 22 14 10 13 13 11 14 11 12 11 28 16 8 9 8 11 22 17 20 26 12 14 15 15 >
657772 45? 13 22 14 10 13 13 11 14 11 13 11 29 16 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 26 12 14 15 15 >
131053 47 * 13 25 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 28 15 16 16 17 >
134086 49 * 13 24 14 11 12 14 12 12 11 14 13 30 17 9 9 11 11 24 15 19 30 14 15 17 17 >
139912 50 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 15 19 >
151985 51 13 25 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 15 13 31
N26211 53 13 23 14 10 14 14 11 14 10 12 11 29
sm49 54 * 13 25 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 14 31 17 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 16 17 >
173688 55 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 15 17 >
5mggf 56 * 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 28 15 15 16 17 >
171879 58 * 13 22 14 10 13 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 14 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 30 12 14 15 16 >
179772 59 * 13 24 14 10 11 15 12 12 12 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 15 16 17 >
176175 60 15 23 15 10 15 15 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 28 11 14 14 15 >
190315 64 * 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 18 18 >
190683 65 * 13 23 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 18 >
192846 66 * 13 24 13 10 12 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 14 15 16 17 >
211309 69 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 15 16 19 >
smp9j 70 * 13 25 14 11 11 16 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
225546 71 * 13 24 14 10 11 15 12 12 12 14 11 30 14 9 9 11 11 23 16 19 28 14 15 17 18 >
276039 72 13 23 14 11 12 14 12 12 11 13 13 30 16 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
250504 73 * 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 16 8 10 11 11 25 15 20 28 15 15 15 17 >
259408 74 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 13 14 13 32 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 17 29 15 15 17 17 >
259664 76 13 26 14 11 11 15 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 8 9 11 11 24 14 18 29 14 15 18 18 >
263167 77 13 22 14 10 13 14 11 15 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 22 16 20 28 12 12 14 16 >
276051 80 * 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 14 15 15 17
276052 81 * 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 14 13 30 17 9 11 11 11 24 15 19 28 15 16 16 18 >
602358 82 * 13 25 14 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 18 30 15 16 16 18 >
333978 83 * 14 22 15 10 14 14 11 13 12 12 11 29 15 9 9 11 11 23 16 21 33 12 13 13 13 14 >
267547 84 * 12 25 14 11 11 16 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 14 15 16 17 >
276043 87 * 13 25 16 11 12 18 11 13 12 12 12 30 18 8 9 11 11 25 15 20 31 13 13 14 15 >
321765 88 13 22 14 10 13 14 11 14 12 12 11 29 14 8 9 8 11 23 16 19 28 12 14 16 17 >
343484 89 * 14 24 14 11 12 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 18 32 15 15 17 17 >
334544 90 * 14 24 14 10 12 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 15 18 >
276057 91 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 14 12 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 23 14 19 29 15 16 17 18 >
276060 92 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 31 18 9 10 11 11 24 15 17 29 15 15 17 17
276044 93 * 12 23 14 11 11 13 12 12 13 13 13 30
276058 94 * 13 23 14 11 13 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 14 15
276059 95 * 14 23 15 10 14 14 11 13 11 12 11 29
276054 96 * 13 24 14 10 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
378209 97 * 14 23 16 10 13 14 11 13 11 12 11 29 17 9 9 11 11 23 16 21 29 12 13 13 14
365256 98 * 12 24 14 11 12 15 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 15 16 16 17 >
411128 100 * 13 24 17 10 11 14 12 12 10 14 10 31
424567 101 * 13 25 15 10 13 16 12 12 14 13 13 30 19 9 9 11 12 28 14 18 29 12 12 15 15 >
418611 102 * 13 23 15 10 10 18 11 16 12 13 11 31
427888 103 * 13 24 13 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 16 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 18 >
276040 104 13 23 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 13 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 23 15 19 28 15 16 17 18 >
452532 105 * 13 22 15 10 13 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 16 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 29 12 13 14 15 >
441780 106 * 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 30 14 15 17 18 >
473473 107 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 30 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
507552 108 * 13 23 14 11 12 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 17 17 >
651733 109 * 13 24 15 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 20 31 15 15 17 17 >
697031 110 * 14 21 17 10 17 18 11 12 12 13 11 30 16 8 9 11 11 29 13 20 33 13 16 17 19 >
690617 111 * 15 23 15 11 15 16 11 13 11 14 12 31 15 8 10 11 11 25 14 20 27 11 14 14 15 >
805937 114 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 14 15 15 17 >
857611 116 * 13 25 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
900186 117 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 13 12 13 13 29 15 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 32 17 17 18 18 >
907239 118 * 13 22 15 10 13 15 11 14 11 13 11 29 16 8 9 8 11 23 16 20 28 12 14 15 16 >
B661247 119 * 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 18 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 17 17 >
441821 121 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 19 7 10 11 11 26 15 19 29 13 16 16 18 >
MI60936 122 * 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 29 14 15 16 19 >
980009 123 12 23 16 10 17 17 11 12 11 13 14 29 16 9 9 11 12 25 16 19 30 15 16 16 18 >
B628687 124 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 28 15 16 17 17 >
DYS  
Locus: 
3
9
3
3
9
0

1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
4
6
4
e
4
6
4
f
* See Table 5 for earliest confirmed ancestor

 
Table 2. Chandler Haplotypes (additional loci from FTDNA and Sorenson)
(click on an arrow at the end of a row to see the continuation in Table 3)
Note: DYS461 has been converted to new nomenclature as of 2004 June.
Note: DYS452 and DYS463 have been converted to new nomenclature as of 2010 March.

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 1 (? John Chandler of Jefferies Creek, SC, 1739)
21226 1 11 11 19 20 13 14 16 16 36 41 11 9 12 12 >
21814 1 11 11 19 20 13 14 16 16 36 40 11 9 12 12 >
26898 1 12 11 19 20 13 14 17 16 36 41 11 9
30780 1 11 11 19 20 13 14 16 16 36 40 11 9
43470 1 11 11 19 20 13 14 16 16 36 41 11 9
Group 2 (Henry Chandler of Johnson Co, KY, 1815-1875)
24531 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
24813 2 11 11 19 23 18 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
39519 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12 12 13 >
39520 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
86464 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
206206 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
342940 2 11 11 19 23 18 14 19 17 36 36 12 12
708112 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12
MK45143 2 11 11 19 23 16 14 19 17 36 37 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 24 10 >
Group 3 (Richard Chandler, b. 1751 VA?)
27320 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12
31120 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 16 35 36 11 12
31428 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 35 36 11 12
43134 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12
176174 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12
198749 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12 12 13 >
221102 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12 13 12 12 13 30 13 11 23 12 24 10 >
240694 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 17 17 36 36 11 12
451256 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12
672941 3 10 10 18 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 11 12
810816 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 16 36 36 11 12
855027 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 17 16 36 36 11 12
893360 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 16 36 37 11 12
N23381 3 10 10 19 22 14 15 18 17 36 36 13 12
vxvz8 3 10 10 19 23 14 15 17 17 36 38 11 12 13 12 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 24 10 >
Group 4 (Thomas Chandler of Amelia Co, VA, d. c1795)
25810 4 11 11 19 22 16 15 20 17 37 37 12 12
26628 4 11 11 19 22 16 15 20 17 37 37 12 12
29111 4 11 11 19 22 16 15 20 17 36 37 12 12
97545 4 11 11 19 22 16 15 21 18 37 38 12 12 12 13 >
101867 4 11 11 19 22 16 15 21 18 37 38 12 12
234582 4 11 10 19 22 16 14 20 17 37 38 12 12
Group 5 (Samuel Chandler of Lynches River, SC, d. 1786)
21174 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 36 12 13 12 12 13 30 11 13 23 11
25035 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 37 12 13
25693 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 37 12 13
25699 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 37 12 13 12 13 >
30060 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 37 37 12 13 13 12 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 23 11 >
110907 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 19 16 36 37 12 13
203204 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 36 37 12 13
220772 5 11 10 19 23 15 15 18 17 36 37 12 13
273521 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 37 12 13 13 12 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 23 11 >
596022 5 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 16 36 37 12 13
Group 6 (Elias Chandler, 1826-1890, Lynches River, SC)
22479 6 11 11 19 23 17 15 18 17 38 38 12 12

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 7
7A
21364 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
24968 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
25781 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
26443 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
26949 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 39 12 10
27183 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 32 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
27574 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
28064 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 20 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
30466 7A 11 9 19 21 15 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
30734 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10
30744 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
30859 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
30943 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
31074 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
31157 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
31431 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
32805 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
33491 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
40185 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
40437 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
40471 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
41099 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
41740 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
43136 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
43379 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
49221 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
57244 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 20 11 >
59466 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
59801 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10 13 11 >
61525 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10
67037 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
68643 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
73979 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
74001 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10 13 11 >
74575 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
76516 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10 13 11 >
78046 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 10 11 32 13 12 12 21
78264 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
79064 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
79327 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 14 19 33 38 12 10 13 12 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
83967 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
85402 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
86736 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
88250 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
95931 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
101412 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
103384 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10 13 12 10 11 31 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
105468 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
107463 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
109219 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
119959 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
127913 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
133230 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10
133521 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10
140487 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10
149810 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
151090 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 31 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
151387 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
159001 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
161954 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
167636 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10
174863 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
176126 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
177954 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
181752 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10
182841 7A 11 9 19 21 14 13 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
187436 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
189803 7A 12 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
190479 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 >
190766 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
193437 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
199099 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 20 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
199101 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 20 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
205902 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
207320 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
209989 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
210049 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
210362 7A 11 9 20 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
213798 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10
221173 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
221621 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
224301 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
224404 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
227093 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
247139 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 39 12 10
247726 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
249366 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
250138 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
260116 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
262919 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
266664 7A 10 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
267538 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 37 12 10
267541 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
267544 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10
286645 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
298520 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 14 11 >
305704 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
307082 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 32 38 12 10
322696 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
323729 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
328064 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10
337216 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
345220 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
361821 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
362822 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
406655 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
423434 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 38 38 12 10
427363 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 38 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 14 12 22 12 21 11 >
445070 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 34 37 12 10
457070 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 34 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 14 12 22 12 21 11 >
476400 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
516263 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
723111 7A 11 9 19 21 15 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
738779 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 12 11 >
766168 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
790468 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
806027 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10 13 11 >
841640 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
844680 7A 11 9 19 21 13 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 12 10 11 31 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
846921 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
857629 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 37 12 10
861644 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10
861725 7A 11 9 19 21 14 13 15 19 33 38 12 10
862071 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 9 10
863915 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
872280 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 37 12 10
876354 7A 11 9 19 21 14 15 15 19 33 39 12 10
878170 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
886823 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 38 12 10
891383 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10
895471 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
900475 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 12 20 33 38 12 10
903645 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
903988 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
910049 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
913237 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
916888 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 12 10 11 31 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
918926 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 38 12 10
918978 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 11 21 11 >
919071 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
920527 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
921242 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
925336 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
939600 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
948374 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 16 19 33 38 12 10
970935 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
973096 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
978817 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
998359 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 18 33 39 12 10
B1294 7A 11 9 19 19 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11
B488622 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 39 12 10
IN72215 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 37 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
MK57619 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 12 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
MK57620 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
MK57622 7A 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10
a3mn5 7A 11 9 19 21 10 13 13 22
pyrwq 7A 11 9 19 21 14 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 13 21 11
rzr9u 7A 10 >
sb8m5 7A 11 9 19 21 10 13 13 22
snyem 7A 11 9 19 21 10 13 13 22
u9at6 7A 11 9 19 21 10 13 13 22
vfn33 7A 11 9 19 21 10 13 13 22
7B
35934 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 37 12 10
43141 7B 11 9 21 21 13 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
55597 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
100477 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10
114019 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 18 19 33 38 12 10 13 11 >
129925 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 18 33 37 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
219993 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10
244537 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
397509 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 35 37 12 10
676834 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 37 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
986039 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
IN114779 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 18 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
N59539 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 34 38 12 10
N64108 7B 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
sm32 7B 11 9 19 21 14 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11
7C
24262 7C 10 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 37 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
175226 7C 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 >
B913553 7C 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 18 33 38 13 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
IN72121 7C 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
MI60932 7C 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 33 38 12 10
7D
269307 7D 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 13 13 10 11 31 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
427470 7D 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10 14 13 10 11 32 13 12 22 13 21 11 >
778035 7D 11 9 19 21 14 14 15 19 33 38 12 10

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 8 (Robert Chandler, b. c1775 NC/VA, d. c1849 Carroll Co, VA)
24275 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
26107 8 11 10 19 23 15 13 20 16 35 39 12 12
58353 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 40 12 12
102124 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
110136 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 19 16 35 39 12 12
202006 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
219757 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 38 12 12
239165 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
354314 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
358221 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
417397 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
441799 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
441851 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
680112 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 40 12 12
752111 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
889746 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12
891085 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12 13 11 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 24 10 >
910327 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 34 39 12 12 11 13 >
929646 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 38 12 12
936287 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12 13 11 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 24 10 >
950728 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 39 12 12 13 11 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 24 10 >
994428 8 11 10 19 23 15 15 19 16 35 35 12 12
IN11535 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 19 16 35 39 12 12
MK73848 8 11 10 19 23 15 14 20 16 35 40 12 12
bqad3 8 11 10 19 23 12 13 12 24
Group 9 (William Chandler of Hertfordshire and Roxbury, MA)
11143 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 18 16 38 40 12 12 13 12 13 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
29431 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 40 12 12 12 13 >
30251 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 41 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 23 10
84057 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
112322 9 11 19 19 19 16 38 40 13 31 24 >
120272 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 40 12 12 12 13 >
141282 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
143215 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 40 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
149755 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 40 12 12 12 13 >
160920 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 37 40 12 12 12 12 13 31 24 >
163673 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 40 12 12 12 12 13 31 >
163674 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 41 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
174586 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 40 12 12
177998 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 40 12 12
180565 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 39 12 12 12 13 >
187747 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 18 17 38 40 12 12
210175 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
217457 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 40 12 12
221186 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
242315 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 20 17 38 40 12 12 12 13 >
243808 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 20 17 38 40 12 12 11 13 >
245177 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 20 16 38 39 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
252422 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12 12 13 >
265423 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12 12 13 >
466052 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 39 12 12
558169 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 18 16 38 39 12 12
600691 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
698041 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 20 16 37 40 12 12
832343 9 10 10 19 19 17 15 19 17 37 40 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
840177 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 39 39 12 12
896351 9 10 11 19 19 17 16 19 17 38 39 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 24 13 23 10 >
926661 9 11 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 39 12 12
B131238 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 17 38 40 12 12
N64980 9 10 11 19 19 17 15 19 16 38 39 12 12 12 13 >
dtx7a 9 10 11 19 19 17 12 12 13 12 13 30 12 11 13 23 >

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 10 (Thomas Chandler of Basingstoke, ENG, 1728-1782)
27369 10 10 10 19 21 14 15 19 15 32 34 11 10
318339 10 10 10 19 21 14 15 20 15 32 34 11 10
491864 10 10 10 19 21 14 15 20 15 32 34 11 10 15 12 10 15 33 12 12 21 13 24 11 >
Group 11 (Thompson Chandler of Monroe Co, (W)VA, 1811-1877)
24372 11 11 10 19 23 16 14 19 18 37 38 12 12 12 12 >
176420 11 11 10 19 23 17 14 19 18 37 39 12 12
222300 11 11 10 19 23 17 14 18 18 37 38 12 12
Group 12 (Edward Chandler/Chantler of Lewes, Sussex, c1754-c1828)
35826 12 11 11 19 22 15 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
43135 12 11 11 19 22 15 15 20 17 37 39 12 12
49503 12 11 11 19 22 15 15 19 18 37 40 12 12
81081 12 11 11 19 22 15 15 22 17 37 40 12 12
372861 12 11 11 19 22 15 15 19 17 37 40 12 12
Group 13 (Edmund Chandler of Duxbury, MA, c1580s-1662)
44534 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 19 34 39 12 12
60429 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12
69609 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 25 10 >
81526 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12
140685 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 14 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 25 10 >
170221 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 18 17 35 39 12 12
176095 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 >
183675 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 25 10 >
249037 13 11 11 19 22 15 14 17 16 35 39 12 12 13 14 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 25 10 >
250352 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 18 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 >
406261 13 11 11 19 22 15 14 17 17 35 38 12 12
483591 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 40 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 25 10 >
525145 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 >
781926 13 11 11 19 21 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 25 10 >
822071 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 35 39 12 12 13 13 >
B70016 13 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 18 35 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 25 10 >
Group 14 (Datus W. Chandler 1890-1968)
57749 14 11 11 19 23 16 15 20 17 37 39 12 12 12 14 >
62667 14 11 11 19 23 16 15 20 17 37 39 12 12 12 14 >
68779 14 11 11 19 23 16 15 20 17 37 39 12 12

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 15 (James E. Chandler c1814 SC)
43131 15 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 35 38 12 10
43132 15 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 19 35 38 12 10
56911 15 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 20 35 38 12 10 13 11 >
199014 15 11 9 19 21 14 14 17 20 35 39 12 10
B195513 15 10 9 19 21 14 14 17 20 35 38 12 10 13 11 >
Group 16 (Jacob Chandler of Newberry Co, SC, 1725-1800)
114475 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 16 19 33 38 11 10
123269 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 16 19 33 38 11 10
234795 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 16 19 34 38 11 10 15 13 11 14 31 12 12 22 15 22 11 >
281272 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 17 20 34 39 11 10
348980 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 16 19 34 38 11 10 15 13 11 14 31 12 12 22 14 22 11 >
693392 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 16 20 34 38 11 10
B537645 16 10 10 19 21 16 14 17 20 34 38 11 10 13 14 >
Group 17 (William Chandler, b. 1772, Cambs, ENG)
122893 17 11 11 19 22 15 15 17 18 35 38 11 12
292698 17 11 11 19 22 15 15 17 18 35 38 12 12
4eywu 17 11 11 19 22 15 11 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 25 12 23 10
sm11 17 11 11 19 22 15 12 12 13 12 12 13 31 12 11 25 12 23 10
sm47 17 11 11 19 22 12 12 12 13 31 11 12 23 10
Group 18
51954 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 33 35 12 10
59605 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 32 35 12 10
64874 18 10 10 19 19 18 15 18 19 33 35 12 10 14 9 >
123488 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 31 35 12 10
141797 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 31 35 12 10
272900 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 32 35 12 10 14 9 >
276055 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 32 35 12 10
430951 18 10 10 19 19 18 15 18 19 34 35 12 10
962348 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 31 35 12 10 14 13 10 9 33 12 12 23 13 21 11 >
MI60933 18 10 10 19 19 17 15 18 19 32 35 12 10
mwbup 18 10 10 19 19 17 12 10 14 14 10 9 32 12 12 23 13 21 11
Group 19
107358 19 11 10 19 23 16 14 17 17 38 40 13 12
119111 19 11 10 19 23 16 14 17 17 38 40 13 12

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Group 22 (Thomas R. Chandler 1838-1913, descendant of John of Accomack Co, VA)
25311 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 37 11 12
55674 22 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 37 37 11 12
196482 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 37 11 12
263727 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 37 11 12
39917 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 37 11 12
86782 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 37 11 12
206387 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 37 11 12
470432 22 11 11 19 23 15 15 19 17 37 37 11 12
722246 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 37 11 12
N97153 22 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 37 11 12 12 13 >
Group 34 (Robert 1773-1822 VA-AL, John B. 1775-1860 NC, Matthew 1782)
54274 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 37 11 9 13 15 >
168210 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 38 11 9 13 15 >
177882 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 38 11 9 13 15 >
189887 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 38 11 9
222567 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 38 11 9
255980 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 35 11 9
293459 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 35 11 9
850868 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 35,38 11 9 13 15 >
928551 34 9 10 19 22 15 13 16 17 33 35,38 11 9
Group 36 (Robert S. Chandler c1760-1831, CT-PA)
59460 36 11 13 19 20 14 14 18 17 34 39 14 10
247220 36 11 13 19 20 14 14 19 17 34 38 14 10 14 14 10 11 31 12 12 22 13 19 11 >
457693 36 11 13 19 20 14 14 19 17 34 38 14 10 14 11 >
753733 36 11 13 19 20 14 14 19 17 34 39 14 10 14 11 >
817804 36 11 13 19 20 14 14 19 17 34 38 13 10 14 11 >
N16813 36 11 12 19 20 14 14 17 18 34 38 14 10 14 15 10 11 31 12 12 22 13 19 11 >
Group 41 (William Chandler c1616-1662, Kent, ENG)
207546 41 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 19 36 38 11 12
215155 41 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 19 36 38 11 12
IN82460 41 11 11 19 22 15 14 17 19 36 38 11 12 13 12 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 23 10 >
Group 43 (North Buckinghamshire Chandlers)
110696 43 11 10 19 24 17 15 16 18 37 40 12 12
276053 43 12 10 19 24 17 15 16 18 37 39 12 12
B216772 43 12 10 19 24 17 15 16 18 37 39 12 12 13 12 12 12 31 12 11 25 13 23 10 >
IN10700 43 12 10 19 24 17 15 17 18 37 39 12 12 13 12 12 12 31 12 11 25 13 23 10 >
IN77714 43 12 10 19 24 17 15 16 18 37 39 12 12
Group 52 (Thomas Chandler c1765, Berks, ENG, grandson of Richard)
163469 52 11 10 19 23 16 15 16 17 37 39 12 12
441817 52 11 10 19 23 16 15 16 18 37 39 12 12
Group 61 (James Chandler 1714-1792, grandson of Roger of Concord)
183634 61 11 11 19 23 16 14 18 18 37 38 11 12
185932 61 11 11 19 23 16 14 18 18 37 39 11 12
368063 61 11 12 19 23 16 15 18 18 37 37 11 12
473595 61 11 11 19 23 16 14 18 18 37 38 11 12
511390 61 11 11 19 23 16 14 18 18 37 38 11 12
Group 68 (Emery Chandler 1811-1880, SC & GA)
202193 68 10 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 40 41 12 13
212777 68 10 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 40 41 12 13
213352 68 10 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 40 41 12 13
Group 85 (More Cambridgeshire Chandlers)
324416 85 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 19 35 36 12 12
Group 86 (Albert Chandler 1824-1886, Virginia)
339645 86 11 11 19 22 16 14 18 17 39 39 12 12
412516 86 11 11 19 22 16 14 16 17 38 38 12 12
736264 86 11 11 19 22 16 14 16 17 38 39 12 12
976248 86 11 11 19 22 16 14 17 17 39 39 12 12
N38022 86 11 11 19 22 16 14 16 17 39 39 12 12
Group 113 (James Chandler 1870-1832, Kentucky)
757256 113 11 10 19 22 16 14 17 17 38 40 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 23 10 >
904697 113 11 10 19 22 16 14 17 17 38 40 12 12

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
Others not in any of the above groups
47909 21 11 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 38 38 12 12 12 13 >
102441 21 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 17 38 38 11 12 12 13 >
114543 23 11 12 19 23 16 15 18 17 35 38 12 12
120828 23 11 12 19 23 16 15 18 17 35 38 12 12
146162 23 12 12 19 23 16 15 18 17 35 38 12 12 12 13 >
511384 23 11 12 19 23 16 15 18 17 35 38 12 12
wscux 23 11 12 19 23 16 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 23 10
sm59 23 11 12 19 23 16 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 23 10
30621 24 10 10 19 21 15 14 16 21 36 36 12 10 16 14 11 12 31 12 13 21 11 23 11 >
122923 24 10 10 19 21 15 14 16 21 37 37 12 10 16 13 11 12 31 12 13 21 11 22 11 >
SI15206 24 10 10 19 21 15 14 17 21 35 37 12 10
sm33 25 11 10 19 23 16 12 12 13 12 13 30 11 13 23 10
sm34 25 11 10 19 23 16 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 23 10
sm48 25 11 10 19 23 12
107780 26 11 10 19 22 16 15 17 16 35 39 12 12 12 12 12 13 31 12 11 25 12 23 10 >
264787 26 11 10 19 22 15 15 17 16 35 39 12 12 12 12 12 13 31 12 11 25 12 23 10 >
B737445 26 11 10 19 22 16 15 17 16 35 38 12 12 12 12 12 13 31 12 11 25 12 23 10 >
zkupa 26 11 10 19 22 12 12 12 25
82217 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 17 16 36 40 12 12
161143 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 17 16 36 39 12 12
338165 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 17 16 36 40 12 12 12 14 >
401997 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 17 16 36 40 13 12
519097 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 18 16 37 40 12 12
864728 27 10 11 19 23 16 16 17 16 34 40 13 12
89929 38 10 10 21 21 14 10 17 18 35 35 12 10
273636 38? 10 10 20 21 14 10 18 18 34 35 12 10 16 13 11 11 30 12 12 22 14 22 11 >
90032 39 11 9 21 21 13 14 17 19 34 40 12 10
614893 39 11 9 21 21 13 14 17 19 35 40 12 10
126162 46 11 11 19 23 16 16 17 18 39 41 12 12
614904 46? 11 11 19 23 16 16 17 18 39 41 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 25 10 >
131482 48 10 9 19 21 16 16 16 18 35 36 12 10 14 13 >
536314 48 10 9 19 21 16 16 16 18 35 36 11 10 14 13 >
188808 62 10 10 19 21 14 14 17 19 36 38 11 10
201322 62 10 10 19 21 14 14 17 20 36 38 11 10
320606 63? 10 10 19 22 16 13 18 18 34 36 11 9
193116 67 10 11 19 23 17 15 15 18 36 39 12 12
306606 67 10 11 19 23 17 15 15 18 35 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 13 24 10 >
15899 67? 10 11 19 23 17 15 15 18 36 39 12 12 13 13 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 24 10 >
267533 75 10 11 19 24 15 16 16 19 34 39 12 12
271445 75 10 11 19 24 15 16 16 19 34 39 12 12
305145 78 11 10 19 20 15 13 17 17 33 39 11 11
923453 78 11 10 19 20 15 13 17 16 33 39,41 11 11 14 12 10 18 27 11 12 22 12 20 11 >
276047 79 10 10 19 20 15 13 18 16 36 38 11 10
389376 79 10 10 19 20 15 13 18 16 36 38 11 10
334954 99 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 17 37 39 11 12
IN72660 99 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 38 11 12
IN103194 99 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 37 38 11 12
734316 112 10 9 19 19 14 13 17 18 35 36 12 10
921562 112 10 9 19 19 14 13 17 18 35 36 12 10 14 13 11 11 29 13 12 22 12 21 11 >
k4u7z 112 10 9 19 19 10 14 13 22
809554 115 10 11 19 21 18 12 19 21 30 36 13 10 14 12 10 12 31 13 12 18 14 22 12 >
865549 115 10 11 19 21 18 12 19 21 30 36 13 10

Locus: 
 

4
6
0

H
4
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b

4
5
6

6
0
7

5
7
6

5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b

4
4
2

4
3
8
#
4
4
1
*
4
4
4
#
4
4
5
*
4
4
6
#
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
+
6
3
5
#
1
B
0
7
ID Fam.
24314 28 10 11 19 23 15 15 17 18 36 39 12 13
32709 30 11 10 18 18 15 12 17 17 38 38 11 9
h4c5v 32 11 10 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 38 12 12
55253 35 11 10 19 23 16 14 18 17 38 39 13 12
61352 37 11 11 19 23 15 16 16 18 36 39 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 11 23 10 >
102376 40 10 11 18 23 15 15 17 18 37 38 12 12
104635 42 11 10 19 21 14 14 16 22 37 37 11 10
112540 44 11 11 19 22 15 14 17 18 36 40 12 9
120825 45 11 9 19 21 15 15 16 18 35 36 11 10
657772 45? 11 9 18 21 15 15 16 18 35 35 11 10 17 14 11 14 31 12 12 21 13 21 11 >
131053 47 11 11 19 23 15 16 17 17 37 38 12 12
134086 49 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 17 38 40 12 12
139912 50 10 11 19 23 16 15 16 18 36 37 12 11 13 12 12 13 30 12 10 24 14 23 10 >
sm49 54 11 11 19 23 12 12 13 13 13 30 13 11 24 12 24 10
173688 55 12 11 19 22 16 15 18 17 37 39 12 12 13 12 12 14 30 13 11 24 13 23 10 >
5mggf 56 11 11 19 22 16 12 12 14 12 12 14 30 12 11 24 12 25 10
171879 58 10 10 19 21 14 14 15 19 34 36 12 10 13 13 >
179772 59 10 11 19 24 15 15 18 18 36 38 11 12
176175 60 11 10 19 21 17 14 16 18 32 37 12 10
190315 64 11 11 19 23 16 15 19 18 36 40 12 13
190683 65 11 10 19 23 17 15 18 19 38 38 13 12
192846 66 11 12 19 23 16 14 20 16 38 38 12 12
211309 69 11 12 21 23 16 14 19 18 37 38 12 12
smp9j 70 11 11 19 23 16 12 12 14 12 12 13 30 13 11 24 13 24 10
225546 71 11 11 19 24 15 14 16 17 39 39 12 12
276039 72 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 17 36 37 13 12
250504 73 10 10 19 23 17 15 18 18 35 37 12 12
259408 74 10 10 19 23 16 14 18 20 37 37 13 12
259664 76 10 10 19 23 16 15 17 17 36 40 11 12
263167 77 10 10 19 21 13 14 18 19 35 40 12 10 13 13 >
276052 81 11 10 19 23 18 15 17 17 36 39 14 12
602358 82 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 17 37 38 12 12
333978 83 10 12 20 20 15 13 15 17 36 39 11 10
267547 84 11 11 19 23 16 15 18 17 37 38 12 12
276043 87 10 10 21 21 16 14 17 18 32 36 14 10 12 13 >
321765 88 11 10 19 21 15 14 16 19 34 37 12 10 15 13 11 14 31 12 12 21 12 22 11 >
343484 89 11 11 19 23 15 15 17 17 39 41 11 12
334544 90 11 11 19 19 16 15 18 17 36 37 12 12
276057 91 11 10 19 23 17 16 18 17 36 39 14 12
276054 96 11 11 19 23 15 15 19 17 36 37 14 12
365256 98 11 12 19 23 16 15 16 16 36 38 11 12
424567 101 11 11 21 23 15 16 18 20 34 34 12 12 13 13 12 12 31 12 11 24 14 23 11 >
427888 103 10 11 19 23 15 15 18 18 37 37 12 12
276040 104 11 9 19 22 17 16 16 18 37 38 14 12
452532 105 9 10 19 21 15 14 17 22 34 35 12 10 16 13 11 14 31 12 12 21 13 21 11 >
441780 106 11 11 19 23 17 15 19 17 37 37 12 12
473473 107 11 11 19 23 15 15 19 17 38 38 12 12 13 13 >
507552 108 11 11 19 23 17 15 19 17 37 38 12 12
651733 109 11 11 19 23 15 15 18 18 36 39 12 12
697031 110 11 10 19 21 15 13 16 17 33 34 10 11
690617 111 11 10 19 21 15 14 16 18 35 38 12 10
805937 114 11 11 19 24 16 14 18 17 36 36 11 12
857611 116 10 11 19 23 16 15 17 16 35 39 12 12
900186 117 11 11 19 23 15 15 17 18 36 36 12 12 13 11 12 13 31 12 11 24 14 23 10 >
907239 118 10 10 19 21 14 14 18 21 36 38 12 10
B661247 119 12 11 19 23 16 15 20 18 34 35 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 11 11 24 13 23 10 >
441821 121 11 10 19 19 15 15 19 17 36 38 12 12
MI60936 122 11 11 19 23 14 15 20 16 36 37 12 12
980009 123 10 10 19 21 15 14 19 17 34 34 11 10
B628687 124 11 10 19 23 16 15 17 17 36 38 12 12 13 12 12 13 30 12 11 24 12 23 10 >

Locus: 
 
4
6
0
 
H
4
 
Y
C
A
II
a
Y
C
A
II
b
4
5
6
 
6
0
7
 
5
7
6
 
5
7
0
 
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b
4
4
2
 
4
3
8
 
4
4
1
#
4
4
4
*
4
4
5
#
4
4
6
*
4
5
2
#
4
6
1
#
4
6
2
#
4
6
3
#
A
1
0
#
6
3
5
#
+
1
B
0
7
#
* Also displayed in Table 3
# Also displayed in Table 4
+ Formerly called Y-GATA-C4

 

 
Table 3. Chandler Haplotypes (more loci from FTDNA)
(click on an arrow at the end of a row to see the continuation in Table 4)

Locus: 
 

5
3
1

5
7
8

3
9
5
a

3
9
5
b

5
9
0

5
3
7

6
4
1

4
7
2

4
0
6
s1

5
1
1

4
2
5

4
1
3
a

4
1
3
b

5
5
7

5
9
4

4
3
6

4
9
0

5
3
4

4
5
0
*
4
4
4

4
8
1

5
2
0
*
4
4
6

6
1
7

5
6
8

4
8
7

5
7
2

6
4
0

4
9
2

5
6
5
ID Fam.
21226 1 11 8 15 17 8 12 10 8 11 9 12 21 23 16 11 12 12 17 8 12 24 20 12 12 11 14 10 12 12 11
21814 1 11 8 15 17 8 12 10 8 11 9 12 21 23 16 11 12 12 16 8 12 24 20 12 12 11 14 10 13 12 11
39519 2 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 18 19 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 11
MK45143 2 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 18 19 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 11 >
198749 3 11 9 15 15 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
221102 3 11 9 15 15 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
vxvz8 3 11 9 15 15 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
97545 4 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 11 11 13 10 11 13 12
25699 5 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 13 8 12 21 21 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12
30060 5 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 13 8 12 21 21 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12 >
273521 5 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 13 8 12 21 21 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12 >
21364 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
25781 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
26443 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 14 11
27183 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
27574 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
28064 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
31157 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
32805 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
40185 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
40437 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
40471 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
57244 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
59466 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
59801 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
74001 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 14 11
74575 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
76516 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
78264 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
79327 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
95931 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
103384 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >

Locus: 
 

5
3
1

5
7
8

3
9
5
a

3
9
5
b

5
9
0

5
3
7

6
4
1

4
7
2

4
0
6
s1

5
1
1

4
2
5

4
1
3
a

4
1
3
b

5
5
7

5
9
4

4
3
6

4
9
0

5
3
4

4
5
0
*
4
4
4

4
8
1

5
2
0
*
4
4
6

6
1
7

5
6
8

4
8
7

5
7
2

6
4
0

4
9
2

5
6
5
ID Fam.
107463 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
109219 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
119959 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
151090 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
159001 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
161954 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
177954 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
182841 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 23 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 12 12 10 12 14 11
190479 7A >
199099 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
199101 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
205902 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
210049 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
227093 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
247726 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
250138 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
298520 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 14 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
337216 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
427363 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
457070 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
738779 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
806027 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
844680 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
846921 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
878170 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
910049 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
913237 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
916888 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
918978 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
920527 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
925336 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
978817 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
IN72215 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
MK57619 7A 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 23 15 11 12 12 13 9 12 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
rzr9u 7A 12
43141 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
55597 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
114019 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11
129925 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
244537 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
676834 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
986039 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 14 11 >
IN114779 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 16 10 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
N64108 7B 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 27 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
24262 7C 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
175226 7C >
B913553 7C 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 16 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
IN72121 7C 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
269307 7D 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >
427470 7D 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 13 9 13 26 20 11 13 13 12 11 12 14 11 >

Locus: 
 

5
3
1

5
7
8

3
9
5
a

3
9
5
b

5
9
0

5
3
7

6
4
1

4
7
2

4
0
6
s1

5
1
1

4
2
5

4
1
3
a

4
1
3
b

5
5
7

5
9
4

4
3
6

4
9
0

5
3
4

4
5
0
*
4
4
4

4
8
1

5
2
0
*
4
4
6

6
1
7

5
6
8

4
8
7

5
7
2

6
4
0

4
9
2

5
6
5
ID Fam.
891085 8 11 9 15 16 8 10 11 8 10 10 12 22 23 17 10 12 12 16 8 11 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
910327 8 11 9 15 16 8 10 11 8 10 10 12 22 23 18 10 12 12 15 8 11 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
936287 8 11 9 15 16 8 10 11 8 10 10 12 22 23 17 10 12 12 15 8 11 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
950728 8 11 9 15 16 8 10 11 8 10 10 12 22 23 17 10 12 12 16 8 11 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
11143 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
29431 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 22 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
112322 9 23 23 >
120272 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
143215 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
149755 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
160920 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 14 11 12 12 12
163673 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
163674 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
180565 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
221186 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
242315 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
243808 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 11 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
245177 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
252422 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
265423 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
832343 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
896351 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12 >
N64980 9 9 9 15 16 8 9 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 17 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 12 13 11 12 12 12
dtx7a 9 9 13 >
491864 10 11 8 15 15 7 12 10 8 12 10 13 20 20 14 11 12 12 14 8 12 22 22 15 12 11 15 11 11 12 11 >
24372 11 10 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 21 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 22 20 12 12 11 13 11 11 13 12
69609 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
140685 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 14 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
176095 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12
183675 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
249037 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 14 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
250352 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12
483591 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
525145 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12
781926 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
822071 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12
B70016 13 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 9 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
57749 14 11 9 15 17 8 10 10 8 11 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 21 20 14 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
62667 14 11 9 15 17 8 10 10 8 11 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 21 20 14 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
56911 15 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 13 11 12 12 13 9 13 27 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11
B195513 15 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 22 13 11 12 12 13 9 13 27 20 11 13 12 12 11 12 12 11
234795 16 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 25 20 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
348980 16 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 24 20 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
B537645 16 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 25 21 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 12
64874 18 12 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 16 9 14 24 21 9 13 12 13 11 12 13 11
272900 18 12 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 11 10 12 21 22 14 11 12 12 16 9 14 24 21 9 13 12 13 11 12 13 11
962348 18 12 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 21 22 15 11 12 12 17 9 13 24 21 9 13 12 13 11 12 13 11 >

Locus: 
 

5
3
1

5
7
8

3
9
5
a

3
9
5
b

5
9
0

5
3
7

6
4
1

4
7
2

4
0
6
s1

5
1
1

4
2
5

4
1
3
a

4
1
3
b

5
5
7

5
9
4

4
3
6

4
9
0

5
3
4

4
5
0
*
4
4
4

4
8
1

5
2
0
*
4
4
6

6
1
7

5
6
8

4
8
7

5
7
2

6
4
0

4
9
2

5
6
5
ID Fam.
N97153 22 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 23 16 10 12 12 14 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
54274 34 11 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 10 14 17 17 14 10 12 13 15 8 13 22 21 15 13 11 13 11 12 12 11
168210 34 11 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 10 14 17 17 14 10 12 13 15 8 13 23 21 15 13 11 13 11 12 12 11
177882 34 11 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 10 14 17 17 14 10 12 13 15 8 13 23 21 15 13 11 13 11 12 12 11
850868 34 11 7 15 15 8 11 10 8 11 10 14 17 17 14 10 12 13 15 8 13 23 21 15 13 11 13 11 12 12 11
247220 36 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 - 19 22 16 11 12 12 16 9 14 24 20 11 13 13 13 11 11 12 11 >
457693 36 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 - 19 22 16 11 12 12 16 9 14 24 20 11 13 13 13 11 11 12 11
753733 36 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 - 19 22 16 11 12 12 17 9 14 24 20 11 13 13 13 11 11 12 11
817804 36 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 - 19 22 16 11 12 12 17 9 14 24 20 11 13 13 13 11 11 12 11
N16813 36 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 9 - 19 22 16 11 12 12 18 9 15 24 20 11 13 12 13 11 11 12 11 >
IN82460 41 12 9 16 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 17 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12 >
B216772 43 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 17 10 12 12 17 8 12 22 21 12 10 11 13 11 11 13 12 >
IN10700 43 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 17 10 12 12 17 8 12 22 20 12 10 11 13 11 11 13 12 >
757256 113 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
47909 21 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 23 17 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12
102441 21 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 22 23 17 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12
146162 23 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12
30621 24 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 10 12 23 25 15 10 12 12 17 8 14 25 20 12 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
122923 24 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 10 12 23 25 15 10 12 12 17 8 13 25 20 12 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
107780 26 11 9 15 17 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 11 >
264787 26 11 9 15 17 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 21 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 11
B737445 26 11 9 15 17 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 11 >
338165 27 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 12 22 20 14 12 11 13 11 11 13 13
273636 38? 11 8 16 17 8 11 10 8 12 10 12 21 21 17 10 12 12 18 8 13 27 20 11 14 12 13 10 11 12 11 >
614904 46? 12 9 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 12 21 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 11 >
131482 48 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 15 10 12 12 18 8 14 27 20 13 13 11 12 11 11 12 11
536314 48 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 15 10 12 12 17 8 14 26 20 13 13 11 12 11 11 12 11
306606 67 11 9 16 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
15899 67? 11 9 16 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 13 12 >
923453 78 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 12 11 14 22 22 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 21 22 18 14 11 13 10 11 11 11 >
921562 112 11 8 15 16 8 11 10 8 11 9 12 21 22 14 11 12 12 15 8 13 23 21 11 14 12 14 11 12 12 11 >
809554 115 10 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 12 10 - 21 23 18 11 12 10 17 7 12 22 18 12 13 12 14 11 11 11 11 >
61352 37 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12 >
657772 45? 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 24 15 10 12 12 16 8 14 27 20 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
139912 50 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 25 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12 >
173688 55 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 13 8 12 23 20 14 12 11 13 11 11 13 12 >
171879 58 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 21 25 16 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 21 13 14 11 12 11 11 12 11
263167 77 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 14 10 12 12 14 8 13 26 20 13 13 11 12 11 11 12 11
276043 87 11 8 15 16 7 12 10 8 11 11 12 22 22 17 11 12 12 14 8 12 25 20 13 12 9 13 10 11 12 11
321765 88 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 22 25 15 10 12 12 15 8 13 25 20 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
424567 101 13 8 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 23 16 11 12 12 14 9 13 22 19 12 12 11 13 11 12 12 12 >
452532 105 11 8 15 15 8 11 10 8 9 9 12 23 25 15 10 12 12 17 8 13 25 20 14 13 11 12 11 11 12 11 >
473473 107 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 11 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 15 8 13 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12
900186 117 11 9 15 16 9 9 10 8 10 10 12 24 24 17 10 12 12 14 8 11 23 20 13 12 11 15 10 11 12 12 >
B661247 119 11 9 15 16 8 10 11 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 11 12 12 11 >
B628687 124 12 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 16 10 12 12 15 9 12 22 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 13 12 >

Locus: 
 

5
3
1

5
7
8

3
9
5
a

3
9
5
b

5
9
0

5
3
7

6
4
1

4
7
2

4
0
6
s1

5
1
1

4
2
5

4
1
3
a

4
1
3
b

5
5
7

5
9
4

4
3
6

4
9
0

5
3
4

4
5
0
*
4
4
4

4
8
1

5
2
0
*
4
4
6

6
1
7

5
6
8

4
8
7

5
7
2

6
4
0

4
9
2

5
6
5
* Also displayed in Table 2

 

 
Table 4. Chandler Haplotypes (more loci from FTDNA)

Locus:
 

7
1
0

4
8
5

6
3
2

4
9
5

5
4
0

7
1
4

7
1
6

7
1
7

5
0
5

5
5
6

5
4
9

5
8
9

5
2
2

4
9
4

5
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3

6
3
6

5
7
5

6
3
8
#
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4
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5
ID Fam.
MK45143 2 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 12 11 13 12 11 9 13 11 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 22 15 19 14 24 16 12 15 24 12 24 18 10 14 19 9 12 11
221102 3 37 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 13 10 11 11 30 12 12 23 13 10 10 23 15 19 13 24 15 12 15 25 12 24 19 11 14 17 9 13 11
vxvz8 3 36 15 9 17 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 13 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 24 15 18 13 24 15 12 15 25 12 24 19 11 14 17 9 13 11
30060 5 33 15 9 16 13 25 26 19 12 11 12 12 12 9 11 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 11 10 20 15 19 14 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 11 14 17 9 13 12
273521 5 33 15 9 16 13 25 26 19 12 11 12 12 12 9 11 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 11 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 11 14 17 9 13 12
21364 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
27183 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
27574 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
40185 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
40471 7A 32 13 8 15 11 23 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
57244 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 20 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
78264 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 27 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
79327 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
103384 7A 33 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 31 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
109219 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
151090 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 31 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
177954 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 13 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
190479 7A 14
210049 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 23 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
227093 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
250138 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 13 14 27 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
337216 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
427363 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 14 11
457070 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 14 11
844680 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 31 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
846921 7A 32 13 8 15 11 23 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
910049 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
913237 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
916888 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 13 9 11 11 10 11 12 31 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
918978 7A 32 13 8 15 11 25 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 11 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
920527 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
925336 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 21 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
978817 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
IN72215 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 16 9 13 11
MK57619 7A 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
129925 7B 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
244537 7B 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 8 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
676834 7B 32 13 8 15 11 25 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
986039 7B 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 8 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
IN114779 7B 31 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
N64108 7B 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
24262 7C 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 13 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
175226 7C 14
B913553 7C 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 13 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
IN72121 7C 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 13 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 29 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
269307 7D 32 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 31 10 12 22 13 11 10 20 15 21 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11
427470 7D 33 13 8 15 11 24 27 16 12 12 12 11 14 9 11 11 10 11 12 32 10 13 22 14 11 10 20 15 22 9 22 14 12 14 28 12 21 18 12 15 15 9 13 11

Locus:
 

7
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4
9
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5
4
0

7
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7
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5
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5
8
9

5
2
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4
9
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7
5

6
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8
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A
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3
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4
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1
B
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5

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5
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0

5
3
2

7
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3

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4
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ID Fam.
891085 8 37 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 19 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 24 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
936287 8 37 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 19 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 24 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
950728 8 38 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 19 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 24 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
11143 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 18 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 13 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
112322 9 18
143215 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
163674 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
221186 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
245177 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 24 13 10 10 21 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 18 9 12 11
832343 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 12 24 17 11 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
896351 9 34 15 9 16 12 24 26 19 11 11 13 12 11 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 12 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 8 14 17 9 12 11
dtx7a 9 11 30 12 13 13 23 12
491864 10 35 15 8 15 14 27 27 19 12 11 12 13 11 9 12 11 10 9 12 33 10 13 21 15 11 12 28 15 19 14 24 18 13 15 25 12 24 18 11 15 19 9 12 11
69609 13 34 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
140685 13 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 19 15 18 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
183675 13 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
249037 13 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 19 15 18 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
483591 13 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
781926 13 34 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 11 14 17 9 12 11
B70016 13 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 11 12 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 19 15 19 14 24 17 12 16 24 12 25 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
234795 16 30 12 8 17 11 24 27 19 11 12 13 13 11 10 12 11 10 12 12 31 11 15 22 15 11 10 27 15 17 11 24 16 13 15 26 12 22 18 12 14 19 9 12 11
348980 16 30 12 8 17 11 24 27 19 11 12 13 13 11 10 12 11 10 12 12 31 11 14 22 15 11 10 27 15 17 11 24 16 13 15 26 12 22 18 12 14 19 9 12 11
962348 18 30 14 8 15 11 23 27 19 11 11 12 11 12 9 12 11 10 11 12 33 10 13 23 14 11 10 21 15 21 13 22 16 11 14 26 12 21 18 13 14 18 9 12 11
247220 36 31 14 8 16 11 21 28 19 11 11 12 11 11 9 11 11 10 10 12 31 10 13 22 14 11 10 21 15 21 12 23 16 11 14 25 12 19 19 12 14 17 9 12 11
N16813 36 31 14 8 16 11 21 28 19 11 11 12 11 11 9 11 11 10 10 12 31 10 13 22 14 11 10 20 15 21 12 23 16 11 14 25 12 19 19 12 14 17 9 12 11
IN82460 41 35 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 11 11 13 12 10 9 13 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 19 15 20 12 24 16 13 15 24 12 23 18 10 14 17 9 13 11
B216772 43 34 15 9 16 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 25 13 10 10 19 15 20 13 23 16 12 15 24 12 23 19 10 14 17 9 12 11
IN10700 43 34 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 13 25 13 10 10 19 15 20 13 23 16 12 15 24 12 23 19 10 14 17 9 12 11
757256 113 35 15 9 16 12 24 26 20 11 11 10 12 12 9 13 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 19 14 24 16 12 15 24 12 23 18 9 14 17 9 13 11
30621 24 34 12 8 17 13 22 27 19 12 12 12 13 11 9 11 11 10 11 13 31 11 11 21 16 11 10 22 15 21 12 24 17 13 15 25 12 23 18 12 14 16 9 12 11
122923 24 34 12 8 17 13 22 27 19 12 12 12 13 11 9 11 11 10 12 13 31 11 11 21 16 11 10 21 15 21 12 24 17 13 15 25 12 22 18 12 14 16 9 12 11
107780 26 35 16 9 16 13 26 26 19 12 11 14 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 12 25 12 10 10 19 15 18 13 23 17 12 16 25 12 23 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
B737445 26 35 16 9 16 13 26 26 19 12 11 14 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 12 25 12 10 10 19 15 19 13 23 16 12 16 25 12 23 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
273636 38? 29 15 8 16 11 26 27 19 11 11 12 12 10 9 13 11 10 11 12 30 11 14 22 16 11 10 24 15 20 10 23 18 13 14 25 12 22 18 13 14 18 10 12 11
614904 46? 33 15 9 16 12 27 26 19 12 12 13 12 10 9 12 13 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 18 13 23 17 12 15 25 11 25 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
306606 67 36 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 13 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 22 15 19 13 24 17 11 15 24 12 24 18 10 14 16 9 12 11
15899 67? 37 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 13 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 24 15 19 13 24 17 11 15 24 12 24 18 10 14 16 9 12 11
923453 78 36 15 8 15 11 21 27 21 12 11 13 13 11 9 9 11 10 10 12 27 10 12 22 14 11 11 28 15 18 14 25 15 14 15 26 12 20 19 12 15 19 9 11 11
921562 112 29 14 8 16 10 25 27 19 11 11 12 12 12 8 11 11 10 11 12 29 11 12 22 14 11 11 18 15 18 10 21 16 11 16 26 12 21 18 13 13 18 9 13 11
809554 115 33 15 8 15 12 23 27 19 13 12 12 11 13 9 12 11 10 - 12 31 10 14 18 14 12 10 19 16 20 12 25 13 14 16 23 14 22 18 12 14 18 8 13 11
61352 37 33 15 9 16 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 14 12 10 11 11 30 12 11 24 13 10 10 20 15 19 16 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 10 13 17 9 12 11
657772 45? 32 12 8 17 12 24 27 19 11 12 13 13 11 9 11 11 10 12 12 31 11 13 21 17 11 10 22 15 19 11 24 16 13 15 25 12 21 18 12 14 17 9 12 11
139912 50 32 15 9 16 12 26 26 20 12 11 14 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 10 30 12 14 24 13 10 10 20 15 19 14 23 17 12 15 24 13 23 18 10 14 17 9 12 11
173688 55 34 15 9 17 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 13 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 10 20 15 20 13 21 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 10 14 17 9 13 11
321765 88 30 12 8 17 12 24 27 19 11 12 13 13 11 9 11 11 10 13 12 31 11 12 21 15 11 10 25 15 18 11 26 16 13 16 26 12 22 18 12 14 17 9 12 11
424567 101 34 15 9 15 11 24 26 19 13 11 12 12 10 9 12 11 10 11 11 31 12 14 24 13 11 10 22 15 19 11 22 16 12 15 24 12 23 19 11 14 19 9 12 11
452532 105 36 12 8 17 12 25 28 19 11 12 12 13 11 9 11 11 10 12 12 31 11 13 21 16 11 10 29 15 18 11 25 17 13 15 25 12 21 18 12 14 18 9 12 11
900186 117 34 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 13 11 14 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 31 12 14 24 13 10 10 21 15 19 13 25 17 12 15 24 12 23 18 10 14 15 9 12 11
B661247 119 34 15 9 16 12 25 26 19 12 11 14 12 10 9 13 12 10 11 11 30 12 13 24 13 10 11 20 15 18 13 24 17 12 13 25 12 23 18 11 14 17 9 11 11
B628687 124 35 15 9 16 12 26 26 19 12 11 13 12 10 9 12 12 10 11 11 30 12 12 24 13 10 10 21 15 19 14 24 17 12 15 24 12 23 19 10 14 17 9 12 11

Locus:
 

7
1
0

4
8
5

6
3
2

4
9
5

5
4
0

7
1
4

7
1
6

7
1
7

5
0
5

5
5
6

5
4
9

5
8
9

5
2
2

4
9
4

5
3
3

6
3
6

5
7
5

6
3
8
#
4
6
2
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4
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2
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4
4
5
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A
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0
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6
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0
7

5
2
5

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5
9
3

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5
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5
3
2

7
1
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5
0
4

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1
3

5
6
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5
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2
6
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6
3
5

5
8
7

6
4
3

4
9
7

5
1
0

4
3
4
#
4
6
1

4
3
5
# Also displayed in Table 2

 


Go to table of contents

Notes and Discussion

Main Lessons

The main lessons so far from this project are four-fold:

  1. the Chandler name does indeed have multiple origins, as expected,
  2. connections can indeed be made across the Atlantic, though it isn't easy,
  3. some long-believed relationships will have to be re-examined in the light of this new research tool, while other, previously unsuspected links will be discovered, and
  4. although some groups of Chandlers can easily be distinguished by testing only 12 markers, others require at least 25, and some require 37.

Group 1

This was the first group to be identified as such within the project, and it includes the second and fourth test subjects to join. One of the surprises in the project is that this group does not match Groups 5 or 6, both of which have been living in the same general area as Group 1 for centuries. It was widely believed that conventional research would eventually find a common ancestor for all three groups, but that prospect seems doubtful now with the DNA evidence in hand. To be more precise, we can now rule out any biological male-line link among these groups though it is still conceivable that a non-biological link (such as adoption) could be found.

With the near-agreement of the results in this group, we can reconstruct the most likely ancestral haplotype for 24 of the first 25 markers and 35 of the first 37, but more tests will be needed to determine the remaining markers.

Group 2

The initial group numbers were assigned arbitrarily in the summer of 2005, based on sorting the available results numerically, starting with DYS393 and continuing with the other markers in FTDNA order. Thus, Group 2 was not the second group identified. Instead, its distinguishing feature is simply that it has low values for DYS390 and a typical value for DYS393.

We can deduce the ancestral haplotype for all 37 markers tested, based on the near-unanimous agreement among the members.

In common with many other Chandlers in the Old South (including Group 1 above), this group was previously thought to descend from John Chandler, the Jamestown immigrant of 1610. However, the DNA testing has now shown clearly that there are several distinct families among these Chandlers. The best evidence at present favors Group 7A as the "Jamestown" group, and therefore the lineages for Group 2 need to be reexamined.

Group 3

In the beginning of the project, the agreement was nearly perfect for the first 25 markers among the members of this group, but, as more and more members joined, the number of mutations grew to be more typical of groups on the whole. This group was formerly thought to be descended from the Jamestown immigrant, but the DNA testing has shown it to be a distinct family.

Group 4

This group has perfect agreement so far on the first 25 markers, and only small discrepancies among the next 12. This is another group formerly thought to have descended from the Jamestown immigrant, largely because the identified common ancestor lived in Virginia, but the DNA results show them to be distinct. The present members of the group represent two different sons of the common ancestor and four different grandsons.

Group 5

This group includes the first member of the project. Like Group 4, it has perfect agreement on the first 25 markers.

One member has upgraded to 37 markers and has also participated in the SMGF project, thereby almost filling his entry in Table 2. His posted SMGF results include only 29 of the 43-marker panel, but the composite of the FTDNA and SMGF results comprises 45 markers in all. The 21 markers tested by both labs are in perfect agreement.
Other members have upgraded as far as 111 markers.

This group has the special problem of being close to the most common haplotype in Europe. As a result, there are many random matches and near-matches with unrelated people when only 12 markers are compared. Naturally, most of these unrelated matches bear other surnames, but some are in fact Chandlers. In all such cases, it is necessary to test and compare at least 25 markers to be sure that a match is not just a coincidence.

Group 6

This group is just barely distinguishable, having at present only two members, and only 11/12 agreement of their test results. However, they have pinpointed their most recent common ancestor, and the combination of genetic and genealogical information gives added support to the identification.

Group 7

This group includes the third member of the project. It is by far the largest group we have, but that fact does not indicate that "most" Chandlers belong to it. Rather, it means that members of this family have been especially enthusiastic participants in the project.

Group 7 appears to be mainly composed of descendants of the earliest known Chandler immigrant to the New World, John Chandler, who arrived at Jamestown in 1610. For the most part, their most recent common ancestor appears to be Robert Chandler, believed to be a grandson of the immigrant. However, as noted in Table 5, not all members can trace their lines back to Robert, and some have shown that they are not of John's line at all. Consequently, we have subdivided Group 7 into four subgroups with mutually exclusive ancestry, which probably join sometime before 1600. The vast majority of members belong to subgroup 7A, and we include there the participants whose ancestry is traceable, or even just presumably traceable, to Virginia.

A growing subset of this group can trace ancestry to the Pennsylvania/Delaware Chandler family, or to the immediate English ancestors of the emigrant, and we have set them apart as subgroup 7B, including both the early American branch and other branches that stayed in Wiltshire longer. Their most recent common ancestor is the grandfather of immigrant George Chandler from Wiltshire, described above in the Early Immigrants section.

One member of this subgroup has an extra mutation in the marker that serves to distinguish 7B and 7C from 7A (DYS576). This is unfortunate in the sense that it detracts from the utility of DYS576 as a discriminator, but it is not really surprising, since DYS576 has a higher-than-average mutation rate. Fortunately, the difference between 7A and 7B is two steps on this marker, and so the dividing line is robust in spite of the high mutation rate. There are several members of 7A who have a one-step difference at this marker from their fellow members, and who therefore fall midway between the two subgroups, but these few have been assigned according to their known ancestry.

One member (sample 24262) was set aside in subgroup 7C all by himself because he is English and traces his line back to Hampshire. Indeed, he remained alone in 7C until a distant (and previously unknown) cousin joined the Chandler project. Originally, 24262 believed his line connected with Group 10, which also goes back to Hampshire, but his DNA matches Group 7 instead. It seems likely that Groups 7 and 10 both originated somewhere in that area, and very careful research will be required to trace them back without confusion. At this point, the most recent common ancestor of 7C was born in 1645, just two generations short of the earliest known ancestor.

Based on a sample of two, it appears that 7C is distinguished from 7A and 7B by a single mutation at DYS449, but, unfortunately, that marker is relatively volatile, and three members of 7A and both members of 7D (see below) actually share the mutation with 7C. Fortunately, two other markers distinctively separate 7A from both 7B and 7C, and geography also helps to distinguish 7C from 7A and much of 7B. The members of 7B and 7C all differ by two (or in one case three) steps from 7A at DYS576, and the few of them who have tested 67 markers also differ by one step at DYS413b. This double distinction indicates that 7B and 7C are more closely connected to each other than either is to 7A, but the separation from 7A need not be very deep -- the common ancestor likely being around the 15th Century.

Some descendants of William Chandler of Newbury, Massachusetts, have joined the project, and they also belong to Group 7, but their place is not clearly defined either genetically or genealogically. They share the "majority" result for DYS576 with 7A, but they also share the distinction at DYS413b with both 7B and 7C, as well as the tentative distinction at DYS449 with 7B. Because of the volatility of DYS449, we probably have to disregard it in reconstructing the family tree of Group 7. Thus, the deepest split is between 7A on the one hand and 7B, 7C, and 7D on the other, flagged by DYS413b. We cannot tell which version of DYS413b is ancestral, but the next split is represented by an apparent mutation at DYS576 found in 7B and 7C, but not in 7D. Genealogically, 7D has not been traced back to England, and so we cannot confirm this tentative genetic tree with any independent data. Indeed, there is some tantalizing circumstantial evidence that runs counter to this tree: one of the many William Chandlers whose baptisms were recorded in 1617 (the calculated birth year of William of Newbury) was in fact baptized at the same church in London which is widely believed to be the location of the baptism of John of Jamestown in 1600. If this clue is more than just a coincidence, it must mean that the apparent split indicated by DYS413b is illusory and that upgrading more members of 7B and 7C to 67 markers will reveal multiple exceptions to the current unanimity of these subgroups on this marker.
Testing to 111 markers has not revealed any new discriminants.

One additional participant, 100477, has been tentatively assigned to subgroup 7B because he carries the characteristic DYS576=17 that marks both 7B and 7C, and because his ancestors lived in Illinois and Kentucky as early as the 19th century, rather than in England. However, we cannot be sure exactly where he fits until we have his ancestry traced further back.

In any case, this match among the subgroups of Group 7 provides some important clues to the English origins of immigrant John, by pointing to specific locations in Wiltshire and Hampshire as homes of his genetic relatives. Research is ongoing in that region for early Chandlers. Significantly, subgroups 7B and 7C share a discrepancy from the consensus of Group 7 (at DYS576) that is shared by no other members. These results suggest that these men share a common ancestor (presumably in England) more recent than the overall common ancestor of the entire group. Interestingly, 24262 shares another discrepancy (at CDYb) with two members of 7B that is not shared by the rest of 7B. When 7B was first recognized as a separate subgroup, this additional shared discrepancy seemed to be a candidate for a further discriminant between 7A and 7B, but it has not been confirmed as such. Other discrepancies among the members of these two small subgroups have so far been unique, aside from the two discriminants (DYS576 and DYS413b).

Another surprising mismatch concerns this group. Group 11 is believed also to descend from immigrant John Chandler, but the DNA testing has demonstrated they are a separate family from Group 7. Clearly, further research is needed. See below.

Given the large size of this group, it was inevitable that many (small) discrepancies would appear. Nonetheless, we can reconstruct 109 of the 111 available markers in the ancestral haplotype.

Group 8

Like Group 5, this group is close to the most common haplotype in Europe. In fact, when only 12 markers were available for comparison, it was difficult to distinguish the two groups, since they match 10/12. The extension to 25 markers makes it clear that they are separate. The two original members, who have been traced back to the same ancestor, have now been joined by many more, all matching very closely with the consensus of the group as a whole. Two of these additional members have each been traced back to a contemporary of the first pair's ancestor. Two other members, however, are English and represent a major breakthrough in the making. Further research is needed to establish the relationship, and this research may take a long time, but the close DNA match despite the transoceanic separation makes it clear that a relationship does exist and gives us a means of resolving the ancestral haplotype for this group, despite the lack of a known common ancestor for all.

For a short time, one additional member, 47909, was considered tentatively to be part of this group. However, the comparison grew dramatically worse as more markers were compared (12/12 for the first panel, but only 10/13 or 9/13 on the second panel and 6/12 on the third). Because of the large number of discrepancies, and especially because two of the discrepancies were by three steps each, it is now clear that 47909 is not part of this group after all. More recently, we have found a different possible match for 47909 (25/25 and 35/37).

Group 9

This group is closest of all to the most common European haplotype, and 12-marker comparisons can be very misleading here. It matches 11/12 with Group 8, but one of its members matches 11/12 with Group 5. Therefore, based on 12 markers, this group would be viewed as a "bridge" connecting the other two groups into one large whole. However, the 25-marker comparisons show that all three groups are distinct.

There are even more striking examples of misleading matches for Group 9. Testee 61352 is 12/12 with this group but differs by 7 steps at 25 markers. These 7 steps can be interpreted either as three 2-step differences and one 1-step or as two 2-step and three 1-step. The interpretation is uncertain because of the complexity of DYS464, where two of the steps are found. Either way, it is clear that 61352 is not closely related to Group 9, despite the 12-marker results. Three other participants who have been designated Group 14 are also a 12/12 match with Group 9 and with 61352. However, Group 14 differs from Group 9 by 6 steps at 25 markers and from 61352 by 5 steps. Thus, we have at least three quite distinct Chandler families that agree exactly on the first 12 markers.

Group 9 has been identified as the descendants of William and Annis Chandler of Roxbury, Massachusetts, formerly of Bishops Stortford in Hertfordshire. Fourteen of the members descend from the middle son, John, while three descend from the youngest son, William, and ten from the eldest son, Thomas. Some members have not identified their lineages back to the immigrant, but they are American and therefore probably do share the same common ancestor. Despite the modest number of members, we can reconstruct the ancestral haplotype of this group over 110 of the 111 markers covered in Tables 1-4. For these 110, we can recognize unambiguously which variants are mutations, even for the markers where many of the members have mutations, since the consensus in each case includes descendants of at least two different sons of the common ancestor. For a long time, the shared mutation at DYS570 in several members appeared to be localized to the middle son, John, since John was the most recent common ancestor of these men. However, another descendant of John has now been found who lacks that mutation, thus showing that the mutation must have either occurred twice independently in branches of John's descendants or been canceled by an inverse mutation in one branch. Testing of more descendants may resolve this ambiguity some day. In any case, the mutation at DYS439 appears to be localized in John's son Joseph by the same line of reasoning. One mutation, at CDYb, is shared by two descendants of the youngest son, William, but this mutation is not well localized, since the two men are second cousins.

Two members of this group (112322 and 149755) were recruited as a consistency check. They are the father and brother of 11143 and all three can be presumed to agree exactly, except possibly at one or two of the 111 markers. Thus, the father was tested only on the first panel and a selection of individual markers where discrepancies are seen in 11143, plus a few additional controls, and the brother was tested only on 67 markers. The father and the brother do disagree with 11143 at one marker, DYS576, where the father and brother have the ancestral value (19), and 11143 is off by one step. If we discount the possibility of a lab error, this is evidence of a specific mutation between a father and son. At the same time, these results confirm that most of the discrepancies seen in 11143 are indeed mutations somewhere along their line, and not lab errors.

Another member, 160920, was recruited to help pin down the time of the other mutations seen in this family group. Their most recent common ancestor was in generation 4 (counting immigrant William as generation 1). 160920 turns out to share all but two of 11143's mutations: DYS576 (mentioned above as unique to 11143) and DYS445. Hence, two more mutations (on DYS460 and DYS452) have now been tied uniquely, this time to the 4th generation.

Other mutations have been partly pinned down or have served to indicate a possible close relationship. For example, CDYb=41 is shared by two second cousins and no other group members. Also, members 84057 and 141282 share two different mutations, one at DYS464d seen solely in these two and one at CDYa shared with a third member (160920 mentioned already). Thus, the mutation CDYa=37 has definitely occurred at least twice independently in the group, but one instance is apparently old enough to be shared by two descendants. Research is ongoing to determine how the two men are related.

Group 10

This is the group which was originally expected to include 24262, an English member of Group 7. At first, there were only three members of Group 10 and only 12 markers each. Their lineages are firmly linked, and the most recent common ancestor is also their earliest confirmed ancestor. In any case, this group is genetically very different from all other participants in the project and indeed from anyone else in the public databases. The DNA evidence thus solidly confirms that they are related, even without considering the conventional evidence. Needless to say, it is the conventional evidence that shows exactly how close the relationship is.

Now, however, they have extended to 37 markers and acquired two more members. One is a Chandler who differed by two steps from the consensus of the first 12 markers and was therefore deemed to constitute a separate family, but who turns out to be a close match on the additional markers. His earliest known ancestor lived in an adjacent county, but has not (yet) been connected to the three original members. The other new member is not a Chandler, but is a near-exact match genetically and is therefore very likely to be related, albeit not necessarily via a recent common ancestor.

Group 11

Although this family was thought to descend from immigrant John Chandler of Jamestown, the first member tested, 24372, was found not to match Group 7. 24372 then recruited two cousins for testing, and the results show near-perfect agreement among all three of them. We have therefore identified this group by the name of their most recent common ancestor. Unfortunately, both Thompson Chandler and his father are believed to have had no brothers, and so the next step of possible DNA testing would involve descendants of William and Delisha Chandler, believed to be the great grandparents of Thompson. One test subject, 25781, is said to be a descendant of William and has been found to belong to Group 7. Of course, we clearly cannot have both 25781 and Group 11 as direct descendants of the same man, and so both lineages must be re-examined. Also, it would be helpful to find and test other reputed descendants to pinpoint the parts of the lineages that need most scrutiny.

Note: in principle, we should keep open the possibility that one or both of the discrepancies between 41505 and the other two in the group represent mutations on their side of the family. However, DYS439=12 is much more common than DYS439=11, and the big jump at DYS464 (18->15) is more easily explained as a duplication of the 15 at DYS464a replacing the original DYS464d. Therefore, we are tentatively labeling both changes as mutations in 41505. If additional members of this line are tested, we may discover otherwise.

Group 12

This group was formed on the basis of a 12/12 match (subsequently upgraded to 25/25 and then to 36/37) and a genealogical link that was known before the DNA testing. The testees joined the project independently, without consultation, and one of the members, 35826, chose only 12 markers while 49503 chose 25. Interestingly enough, within days after the group was formed, another 12/12 match came along who has a large difference at 25 markers and no known connection. This situation appears to be just another example of the danger illustrated already by Groups 5, 8, 9, and 14: Group 8 is only one step away from Group 9 at 12 markers, and Group 14 is an exact match at 12 markers, but both are clearly distinct at 25. Similarly, Group 5 is only one step away from an "atypical" member of Group 9 at 12 markers, but again quite distinct at 25.

All that being said, we still found that a third apparent member of the group turned up with no foreknowledge of the relationship, and, in this case (43135), the match has held up as 25/25. Indeed, this third member was joined by a fourth who matches him 24/25 and has been shown to be related. In principle, we might subdivide the group on the basis of the as-yet-unknown relationship between the first two members and the next two. However, the second two have been traced back to an ancestor living in the same town where the common ancestor of the first two members lived, and it seems likely that the two subgroups will be linked very soon. We are looking for that link. It is worth pointing out that the members of this group live on three different continents (Europe, North America, and Australia), and the one European member lives in southern England, moderately close to the ancestral home.

A fifth member has been added who doesn't connect with any of the others genealogically, though he matches the group modal haplotype on all 37 markers. Indeed, his lineage, unlike the others', goes back to London in the 18th Century. Further research will be needed to find a connection.

The members have all now upgraded to 37 markers, and the results indicate the ancestral haplotype for 36 of the 37. Three of the members have one separate mutation each (of one step) from this ancestral haplotype. The situation for DYS576 is less clear. The original two members have the same value, as does also the fifth, unconnected member, but the other two differ by differing amounts in the same direction. Thus, the mode and median are different, and we will need more test subjects to be sure of the ancestral value. Nonetheless, the fact that the two original members agree with each other and the unconnected member at DYS576 suggests that their value is ancestral.

Group 13

This is the second genetic group of Chandlers identified in New England. Three of the members have tested only 12 markers, but the rest have all tested at least 37, and four have tested 111. The agreement is sufficiently close to support the lineages back as far as immigrant ancestor Edmund Chandler, the most recent common ancestor, as well as the earliest confirmed ancestor, of the group. However, two members of the group have a different surname (Hale) and joined only because of the close DNA match, not because of any genealogical link. Although the Hales are indistinguishable from the Chandlers based on the STR comparisons, some SNP testing has revealed differences that support the genealogical view that the connection is before Edmund, and perhaps long before.

Group 14

This group began with a test subject who matched 12/12 with Group 9, but subsequent testing at 25 markers revealed a 6-step distance. These two groups, in addition to Groups 5 and 8, are very close to the most common Y DNA pattern in western Europe.

Group 15

It had been expected that the members of this group might match Group 10, but that expectation was not based on any firm evidence. In the end, the testing showed that the members are not connected to Group 10 after all, but are indeed connected to each other. The group has been traced to a common ancestor who was born in South Carolina c1814 and joined the westward migration.

Group 16

This is yet another South Carolina group, but with origins perhaps in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, or New York. Based on the location and on the tentative origins, it had been thought that this group might be part of Group 1, or 5, or 7B, but the DNA testing has shown them to be separate. Two of the members so far share a known common ancestor, Jacob Chandler, who is both their earliest known ancestor and their most recent common ancestor. Jacob settled in Newberry County, South Carolina, but his marriage is found in the Friends meeting records of Frederick County, Virginia. These two members match exactly on the 37 markers tested by both, but other members disagree with these two on CDYa. Unfortunately, these other members have not yet been connected to the first two or to each other.

Group 17

This group displays a distinctive haplotype with DYS385a,b=11,11 instead of the 11,14 most commonly seen in western Europe. This is very likely the result of a recombinant mutation that replaced a portion of one of the Y-chromosome palindromes with a copy of the corresponding segment from the other arm. The most recent common ancestor, William Chandler born 1772, is believed to be the grandson of an Anthony Chandler born about 1712 in Hatley St George, Bedfordshire, but no other lines descended from Anthony besides those through William have yet been tested.

122893, 4eywu, and sm11 demonstrate one significant variation in laboratory procedures. Although the marker values are nominally the repeat counts for short repeating sequences of DNA, the testing procedure doesn't involve counting repeats, but rather measuring the total length of a segment of DNA that contains the repeats along with flanking regions, subtracting the nominal length of the non-repeating DNA, and then dividing the residue by the repeat length. Normally, the result of this division is an integer. On the rare occasions when it is not, FTDNA makes a practice of rounding the result to the nearest integer. SMGF and Ancestry.com, on the other hand, reported such results in a standardized notation from molecular biology: the next lower integer followed by a decimal point and the excess number of base pairs. Unfortunately, this notational difference means that the rare cases of non-integer results cannot be compared "as is" between labs, and so the one non-integer result reported for each of 4eywu and sm11 (DYS458=16.2) has been rounded in our data table to 16. As such, it "agrees" with the DYS458=16 reported for 122893 by FTDNA, and we must assume that FTDNA rounded the result. No non-integer results were reported by SMGF for any other Chandlers.

Note: FTDNA later began reporting the fractional alleles as a supplement to the rounded values, but the change in reporting was apparently not consistent and not at all applied retroactively. Thus, the comparison within this group remains problematic.

Note: there is a popularly held misconception that the "fractional" values form closely related classes (e.g., all of the ".1" values being more closely related to each other than to any of the integer values). This is not always so, even though the mutations that lead to fractional values are extremely rare, because a very large number of possible mutations would lead to the same ".1" result. For example, if the repeat sequence is 4 base pairs long, the insertion of 1, 5, or 9 base pairs, or the deletion of 3, 7, or 11 base pairs anywhere in the measured segment (or any other length differing by a multiple of 4) would result in a notation of ".1". It is only by sequencing the DNA that the nature of the mutation can be determined.

Group 18

This group also has a distinctive haplotype, but it so far lacks a common ancestor. Several members have been traced back to the English county of Hampshire in the 18th century, but others go back to three adjoining counties in the 17th century. Therefore, it is not clear exactly where this group originated, but at least the earliest known ancestors were not scattered from end to end of the four-county region -- they clustered within a radius of 35 miles. Research is ongoing.

Group 19

Like Group 18, this group has a distinctive haplotype, but lacks a known common ancestor. Although the haplotype is fairly close to the predominant pattern of western Europe (like many others in our project), it bears several differences that effectively set it apart. The two members tested on 37 markers agree on 36 of those. Both have been traced to the town of Mendham in Suffolk (England) in the 1700s, but the connection between their respective ancestors has not yet been found. Their relationship is all the more tantalizing because both lines bore the name Henry in parallel (see Table 5). Another member, also traced to Suffolk, has tested only 12 markers, and agrees on all 12.

Group 22

This group apparently consists of the descendants of John Chandler of Accomack Co, VA, though the DNA connection is proven now only as far back as a seventh-generation descendant. Another presumed member of this family has taken the DNA test, and his results match and would ordinarily be considered to confirm the lineage back four more generations, but the situation is complicated by two factors.

First, this remote cousin has tested only 12 markers, and so the match might not be as close as it seems. Second, there are several other apparent members of the group who all share three distinctive differences from the main group and also have not been traced back to John Chandler at all, even though some of them do have roots in the Delmarva Peninsula. This subgroup is not genetically different enough to rule out descent from John, but not close enough to rule out a separate lineage.

Group 34

The origin of this group is puzzling. There are three branches, each tracing back to one of three brothers, and that should mean that their father is the earliest known ancestor of the group. However, the man who is believed to be their father has other descendants, as well as brothers with descendants, who all belong to a different group. Many different explanations for this puzzle are conceivable, but no one explanation has yet been found to be convincing.

Group 36

The ancestor of this group, Robert S. Chandler, was an orphan whose parentage is not now known, but who had a guardian in his minority and therefore must have had a known family connection in order to have inherited property requiring a guardian. Of course, that family connection need not have been on his father's side, and there is thus no assurance that his father's surname was in fact Chandler. The three definite members of the group descend from two different sons of Robert. A fourth, tentative member has a different surname, but is the only known genetic match for the group and may provide a clue to Robert's paternal ancestry.

Group 41

This group is the first to be traced back to the English county of Kent. The first two members identified have a perfect 37/37 match and clear paper trails back to two sons of the 17th-century progenitor, and so the group is firmly established with just the two members. Other members have now appeared, and their genealogical connections are being investigated.

Group 43

This group is based on three members who have all been traced back to the English county of Buckinghamshire. Their common ancestor is not yet known, but research is ongoing. A fourth member is still tentative, but is a solid genetic match.

Group 52

This group is defined by the perfect match (25/25 so far) between two men whose lineages both trace back to the same part of the county of Berkshire in England. The exact connection is not yet known, but perhaps a breakthrough will be made soon, now that the DNA testing has pointed the way.

Group 61

This group apparently consists of the relatives of Roger Chandler of Concord, though the DNA connection is proven now only as far back as Roger's grandson James. Four members match each other 36/37 or better and have lineages that connect seven generations back. A fifth member is not yet connected genealogically to the other four, but matches them 34/37. Since his line has been traced back to Yorkshire, he may ultimately provide a breakthrough clue to Roger's English origins. However, his line currently extends only as far back as 1760, and so some additional research will be needed to link up this group. A fourth member is an exact match to one of the first two, but his connection is not yet known.

From this group's non-match with Group 13, we can infer that Roger of Concord was not related to Edmund of Duxbury. However, it remains to be seen whether this mismatch strikes down the supposed connection between Roger of Concord and Roger of Duxbury. Since no male-line descendants of the latter are known, the decision may hinge on whether the also-circumstantial connection between Roger of Duxbury and Edmund is ever established firmly.

Group 68

This group was once thought to be part of Group 7A, but DNA testing has revealed it to be separate. We do not yet know exactly where the dividing line is.

Group 85

This group has only two members so far, but it spans two continents (Europe and Australia). The common ancestor has not yet been determined, but the members trace back to Cambridgeshire in England, and that is presumably where he lived.

Group 86

This group was originally represented by only one member whose connection to the others is still not known, but is clearly indicated by the genetic match.

Other

This category holds the rest of the participants in the project -- those who are still looking for a match. Many of these have traced their lineages far into the past (see Table 5), but we need the confirmation of at least two matching test subjects before we can define a numbered group like those discussed above. Also, if the DNA results do not match exactly, or not with high enough resolution, we may need linked lineages to confirm the validity of a group.
We have several clusters of matches or near-matches in this category, and each such cluster is potentially a new group, but some research must be done to confirm the connection, or some additional testing must be done to confirm the closeness of the apparent relationship. These clusters are shown at the beginning of the "other" section with a small gap separating each cluster from the next and from the rest of the section. They are families 20 (46918 - 91815), 21 (47909 - 102441), 23 (114543 - 120828 - 146162 - 406653 - 427894 - 511384 - wscux - sm59), 24 (30621 - 122923), 25 (sm33 - sm34 - sm48 - this bunch appears to be a father and his two sons and will not be considered a separate group until we find relatives a bit more distant), 26 (107780 - 264787 - zkupa), 27 (82217 - 161143 - 338165 - 401997 - 519097 - 864728), 38 (89929 - maybe 273636), 39 (90032 - 614893), 46 (126162 - maybe 614904), 48 (131482 - 536314), 62 (188808 - 201322 - maybe 276037), 63 (188862 - maybe 320606), 67 (193116 - 306606 - maybe 15899), 75 (267533 - 271445), 79 (276047 - 389376), and 115 (809554 - 865549). The corresponding entries in Table 5 are similarly set off from the rest. Note: initial testing showed a possible member of one of the above clusters: 139912 was a 12/12 match with 120828, but upgrading to 25 markers revealed that the initial match was almost certainly a "lucky" coincidence.

25311, 54480, and 112540 all have an unusual trait -- extra copies of DYS464 (five, six, and five copies, respectively, instead of four). There is no other connection among them, being genetically very different, but this trait could be a useful clue in identifying matches for either of them. Lamentably, this possible clue appears to be spurious in the case of 25311, whose conventional genealogy firmly links him to other members of a family closely matching on other markers while having only four copies of DYS464.

Another unusual trait is shared by 82217 and 161143, members of family 27. Both of them lack a discernible DYS439 marker. This lack is normally described as a null result for this marker, but it doesn't necessarily mean the marker is absent. More likely, there has been a mutation in the flanking DNA, such that the test fails to recognize the marker and simply gives no result for it. If these two men share the same flanking-region mutation, as seems likely in this case, then it makes sense to treat DYS439 as a "match" between them, even though we cannot tell what the length of this marker is for either man. Thus, we are counting them as a 35/37 match, rather than merely 34/36. It is likely that they share a relatively recent common ancestor, but we have not yet determined who it might be.
 
Table 5. Earliest known ancestors not shown in Table 1 group headers
ID Fam. Name Birth Death
39520 2 James L. Chandler 1816, VA c1852, KY
86464 2 James L. Chandler 1816, VA c1852, KY
206206 2 Ike Chandler 1847, KY 1914
31120 3 Hezekiah Chandler c1774, VA 1846, GA
221102 3 Richard Chandler 1775, VA
25797 7A Joseph Chandler c1812, NC c1880
30859 7A John Chandler 1752, VA 1825, NC
33205 7A James Chandler c1775, NC/VA 1810, TN
40437 7A William Chandler c1695, VA 1747, VA
40471, 846921 7A Richard Chandler 1765, VA c1834, TN
44231 7A David Chandler c1750?, VA
61525 7A Joseph B. Chandler c1799, SC >1850, KY
88250 7A William Chandler c1695, VA 1747, VA
95931 7A Richard Chandler c1740?, VA 1782, VA
105468 7A Hampton Chandler c1811, SC <1910, TX
107463 7A William Chandler 1835, NC 1862, VA
109219, 322696 7A James Silas Jernigan c1850, TN/AL? 1923, AL
149810 7A Terril Chandler c1820, NC
182841 7A Allen Chandler 1802, VA
189803 7A Willis C. Chandler 1807, SC
199101 7A Joseph Thomas Chandler c1845, AL
209989 7A John Chandler 1726
210049 7A John Chandler 1755, VA
221621 7A William Chandler 1800 1855, TX
323729 7A Nicholas Chaundeler c1540, Wilts, ENG
328064 7A John W. Chandler 1842, VA
345220 7A Absalom D. Chandler 1811, GA? 1869
863915 7A William Basil Chandler c1900, TX
916888 7A Franklin Chandler c1813, VA c1858, VA
919071 7A James S. Chandler 1815, KY 1898, KY
a3mn5 7A Zachariah Chandler 1776, KY? 1837, KY
pyrwq 7A John William Chandler c1806, KY c1880, TX/KY?
sb8m5 7A Solomon Chandler 1790, VA >1860, LA
snyem 7A Thomas Chandler c1838
u9at6 7A Rankin Chandler c1800, KY c1845, IN
vfn33 7A Benjamin Chandler 1796, SC >1860, MO
100477 7B Thomas J. Chandler c1821, KY 1897, KY
129925 7B Amor Chandler c1713, NJ?
276046 7B Henry Chandler 1572, Wilts, ENG
B913553 7C George Chandler 1698, Mdx, ENG
58353 8 George Chandler 1760, VA 1840, TN
102124 8 Isaac Chandler c1785, VA >1850
110136 8 Robert Chawner c1590? 1653, LEI ENG
202006 8 Daniel Chandler 1760, VA 1844, TN
219757 8 Thomas Chandler 1782, WAR ENG 1822, WAR ENG
417397 8 Rev. John Chandler 1755, VA 1843, KY
429996 8 Jonathan Chandler 1786, NC 1823, MO
441799 8 Rev. John Chandler 1755, VA 1843, KY
441851 8 William Chandler 1811, VA 1895
680112 8 George Chandler 1760, VA 1840, TN
752111 8 Thomas Chandler 1762, VA 1845, WV
891085 8 James Bailey Chandler 1819, IN 1877, IL
936287 8 Isaac Chandler c1785, VA >1850
IN11535 8 Joseph Chandler c1796, LEI ENG 1874
141282 9 Henry T. Conant (Chandler) 1845, IN 1920, CA
242315 9 Isaac Chandler c1805
243808 9 Isaac Chandler c1805
318339 10 Robert Chandler c1780?, SRY ENG
176420 11 Thomas P. Chandler c1811, (W)VA
43135 12 William Chandler 1742, Sussex
81081 12 William Chandler 1742, Sussex
372861 12 Edward Chandler c1765, London
276038 13 Hiram David Chandler 1813, VT 1854
234795 16 Timothy Chandler 1694, NJ
348980 16 Isaac Chandler 1766, NY
693392 16 Abraham Chandler 1753, NY 1811, NY
B537645 16 Capt. Benjamin Chandler c1730?
51954 18 Daniel Chandler 1659, Surrey
59605 18 Benjamin Chandler 1763, Hants
64874 18 George Chandler 1680, Sussex c1740?
123488 18 Thomas Chandler 1779, Headley, Hants
141797 18 Thomas Chandler c1770, Hants
272900 18 George Chandler 1839, Surrey
430951 18 George Chandler 1811, Surrey
962348 18 Thomas Chandler 1748 1814, Hants
mwbup 18 Thomas Chandler c1656, Mdx
107358 19 Henry Chandler c1699, Suffolk 1733, Suffolk
119111 19 Henry Chandler 1748, Suffolk
439242 19 Jonathan Chander 1801, Suffolk
39917 22 William E. Chandler 1842, OH 1880, IN
86782 22 William Chandler 1820 1882, DE
206387 22 Joshua L. Chandler 1829, DE 1877
722246 22 Joshua L. Chandler 1829, DE 1877
N97153 22 Augustus Chandler 1780 1840, DE
110696 43 Joseph Chandler c1668, Beds, ENG
276053 43 Jasper Chandler c1610, Bucks?, ENG
IN10700 43 Willam Chandler 1788, Bucks, ENG 1869
368063 61 William Chandler c1740, Yorkshire
324416 85 John Chandler c1670, CAM ENG
384171 85 Thomas Chandler c1815, CAM ENG
339645 86 John Chandler 1798, VA
976248 86 John Chandler 1798, VA
46918 20 John Chandler c1821 1892, IN
47909 21 Richard Chandler 1814, Minchinhampton, Glos 1887
114543 23 William Chandler c1720?, Barbados?
120828 23 William E. Chandler c1836, Barbados 1900, Australia
427894 23 Peter Chandler Barbados 1795
511384 23 Frank M. Chandler 1876, Barbados
wscux 23 William Chandler c1760, Barbados?
sm59 23 William E. Chandler c1836, Barbados 1900, Australia
30621 24 John W. Chandler c1810, MA/ME c1890?, ME?
122923 24 William Chandler c1715, Essex, ENG
SI15206 24 William Chandler c1835, MDX, ENG TAS, AUS
sm33,sm34,sm48 25 Thomas Chandler c1685, Surrey, ENG ?
107780,zkupa 26 William P. Chandler (born Sneed) c1860, GA 1944, SC
B737445 26 Richard C. Chandler 1865, VA 1923, VA
82217 27 Nicholas Chandler 1704, Wilts, ENG
161143 27 James Chantler 1778, Kent, ENG
338165 27 Stephen Chantler 1834, Kent, ENG
401997 27 Job Chandler 1623, MD
89929 38 Robert Porter Chandler 1850, TN
90032 39 William L. Chandler c1810, VA 1836, OH
126162 46 William T. Chandler 1850, Jamaica
131482 48 Hiram Chandler 1809, NY City 1881, NY City
536314 48 Spencer Chandler 1808, PA WI
188808 62 Enoch Chandler 1780, Glos, ENG 1850, Glos
201322 62 Benjamin Chandler c1780, Glos, ENG
188862 63 John Candler c1770?, NY
193116 67 Spencer Chandler 1793, VA
306606 67 Woodley W. Chandler 1800, VA
267533 75 Carter Chandler c1788, VA
276047 79 John Chandler c1785, Lancs?, ENG
389376 79 Robert Chandler/Chandley c1745, Warks?, ENG
334954 99 Thomas Chandler c1772, ?YKS ENG
IN72660 99 William Chanler 1692, ENG 1772
IN103194 99 William Chanler 1692, ENG 1772
734316 112 Claybourn Chandler 1801, KY
921562 112 George Randall Chandler 1781, VA 1850, KY
k4u7z 112 George Randall Chandler 1781, VA 1850, KY
24314 28 James Chandler 1807, SC 1853, AL
32709 30 Leroy Chandler c1800, Caroline Co, VA ?
38067 31 Rev. Isaac Chanler c1700 1749, SC
48857 33 Capt. John Chandler 1696, Plymouth Co, MA 1764, Plymouth Co
55253 35 William S. Chandler 1834, VA c1881, MO
61352 37 Joseph B. Chandler 1899 1984, WA
102376 40 Joseph Chandler 1755, VA 1822, GA
104635 42 Fred P. Chandler 1877 VT >1947
112540 44 John Chandler 1806, Surrey, ENG
120825 45 William Chandler c1740?, Bucks, ENG
131053 47 Enos Chandler 1806, CT 1876, NY
134086 49 Marcel Chandeleur 1920, France
139912 50 Lafayette "Fate" Chandler 1844, TN
sm49 54 John Chandley 1822, NC 1913
173688 55 George Ellison
(son John took the name Chandler)
1810, KY 1889
5mggf 56 Thomas Chandler 1751, VA
171879 58 Thomas Challoner 1811, Chester ENG 1893 IRE
179772 59 William T. Chandler 1786, GLO ENG 1865, GLO ENG
190315 64 Silas P. Chandler 1825, OH
190683 65 William Theodore Chandler 1865, KY 1945
192846 66 David C(h)andler 1804, VA
smp9j 70 Thomas Candler 1786, Essex, ENG
225546 71 Samuel Chandler c1755, Warwicks, ENG
250504 73 Jess Chansley 1884, AR
259408 74 Thomas Chandler Warwicks, ENG 1669
276051 80 Henry Chandler 1864, Cambs ENG 1949, Cambs ENG
276052 81 Richard Chandler c1740?, OXF ENG
602358 82 Elkanah Chandler c1847, IA
333978 83 William H. Chandler 1820 1861, TN
267547 84 William Candler 1700, Essex ENG
276043 87 William Chandler c1795, SFK? ENG
343484 89 William C. Chandler 1927 2003
334544 90 James Chandler 1826, SRY ENG
276057 91 George Chandler 1720, GLS ENG
276060 92 James Chandler c1771, SOM ENG
276044 93 William Elisha Chandler 1888, KY 1950, OH
276058 94 William Chandler c1752, KEN? ENG
276059 95 James Chandler 1802, HUN ENG
276054 96 George Chandler c1780, ENG
378209 97 John Chandler 1744, BRK ENG
365256 98 John Chandler 1865, TX
411128 100 Thomas Chandler c1770, NFK ENG
424567 101 Albert Chandler c1840 c1885, TX
418611 102 Charles Chandler c1800, ENG AUS
427888 103 James Chandler 1801, WOR ENG
452532 105 Henderson Chandler 1789, VA >1870, NC
441780 106 William Chandler c1870
473473 107 Richard Chandler c1790, ENG
507552 108 Robert Chandler 1811, NC
651733 109 Charles Chandler c1800, ENG AUS
697031 110 William Chandler c1800
690617 111 Charles Chandler 1813, WIL, ENG
857611 116 Alexander Chandler 1814, NBL ENG
900186 117 Gib Chandler 1876 1959, MO
907239 118 Arthur D. Chandler 1876, VA 1943, VA
B661247 119 James Jessie Elzie Chandler 1870, GA 1951
MI60936 122 Benjamin Henry Chandler 1868, SSX ENG

 


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Frequently asked questions

Q: Who is eligible for this project?

A: Any male with the Chandler surname or something similar or any male-line descendant of a male Chandler.
 

Q: My grandmother (or other female ancestor) was a Chandler. How can I explore my Chandler roots using DNA?

A: Your grandmother (or whoever) probably had brothers or uncles who were male Chandlers. Find one of those brothers/uncles or a male-line descendant thereof and persuade him to join the project.
 

Q: Why do you carefully speak of male-line descendants instead of just limiting the project to male Chandlers?

A: We recognize that people can be adopted or change their names for other reasons or simply not inherit their biological fathers' surnames in the first place.
 

Q: Why is the project open only to males?

A: Only males have the Y chromosome, which is what we test. The Y is the only chromosome which is inherited essentially as one piece (more or less unchanged) from one identifiable ancestor in each generation. Also, the Y is inherited in the same way as surnames in our society.
 

Q: Is there some kind of genealogical DNA testing for females?

A: Yes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited in the female line in a manner analogous to Y DNA in males. However, mtDNA is not associated with particular surnames (such as Chandler).
 

Q: Can we test an ancestor's hair?

A: Maybe, but it's not easy. A lock of hair snipped off with scissors doesn't include any hair roots and therefore has no nuclear DNA (in particular, no Y DNA). Hairs snagged in a comb or brush might work if they have been kept in a cool, dry place. A tooth might also work. Even an envelope or stamp that was licked by a known ancestor might have traces of DNA. However, extraction from such sources is a very specialized job, and most testing labs don't do that sort of thing.
 

Q: What about exhumation?

A: Don't even think about it. Even if the legal barriers were not so high, the ground is not a good place for preserving DNA. The DNA tends to break down very quickly after embalming and burial.
 

Q: Who does the testing?

A: The testing is done by Family Tree DNA (FTDNA), a Houston-based genetic genealogy firm. The lab work was formerly done for FTDNA by the molecular biology laboratories of the University of Arizona, but the company has now established its own laboratory for that purpose.
 

Q: How do I arrange a test?

A: You can order a test kit on-line. The kit comes in the mail with complete instructions.
 

Q: Does it hurt?

A: No. The test does not require blood, only a sample of loose cells collected from inside the mouth using a pair of swabs.
 

Q: How much does it cost?

A: There is a range of tests with increasing numbers of markers: 12, 25, 37, 67, 111. The prices are, respectively, $59, $109, $149, $248, and $339 (plus a shipping/handling charge of $13). If you wish to upgrade later to a higher-level test, the additional cost is more than the difference between the package prices, but less than the cost of a whole new test at the new level. Note that these prices are subject to change.
 

Q: How many markers should I test?

A: We generally recommend the 37-marker test, or at least the 25-marker test, as a starting point. Sometimes, the 12-marker test has been enough to distinguish members of one line from another, but the 12-marker results are often ambiguous. If you aren't sure in advance which is your line, or at least which two or three are the likely choices, you will need at least the 25-marker test to be confident of the results.
 

Q: Is this testing confidential?

A: Yes. The testing company and the project administrators do not reveal your name to anyone without your consent, and even then only to persons whose DNA matches yours. Indeed, no legal authority could compel the company to release your DNA or information, since you are not asked for proof of your identity along with your DNA, or even any assurance that the DNA you submit is actually yours.
 

Q: Is this anything like paternity testing?

A: They both use DNA but are otherwise very different. For one thing, paternity tests must work for both males and females, but our project's testing works only for males. Also, our testing cannot pick out your father from among a collection of your same-surname male relatives.
 

Q: Is this anything like the tests used for identifying criminals?

A: No, those are generally the same as paternity tests. Sometimes, when the police have a male DNA sample from the crime scene but are otherwise stumped, they may try to determine the suspect's surname by comparing the DNA sample with public genealogical databases. However, the "genetic families" based on Y-DNA generally include thousands, if not millions, of individuals, as well as multiple surnames descended from ancestors who lived before surnames came into use. Therefore such genetic evidence can never identify the criminal, but at best might help the police to focus on someone who is already under suspicion for other reasons.
 

Q: Is this anything like the screening tests used by insurance companies?

A: No. The markers we test do not cause any diseases.
 

Q: What can I learn from this testing?

A: Pure and simple, it will determine (very approximately) how closely you are related to other people who take the test.
 

Q: Doesn't this testing reveal mutations? Aren't mutations bad?

A: The markers we examine have no genetic function, and therefore mutations in them are harmless. In fact, the mutations are essential for genealogical purposes, since they distinguish one family from another.
 


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Last update: 2023 Sep 15 by John Chandler

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